Possessive Pronoun Definition and Examples in Grammar

A possessive pronoun is a  pronoun that can take the place of a noun phrase to show ownership (as in This phone is mine). The weak possessives (also called possessive determiners) function as determiners  in front of nouns  (as in My phone is broken). The weak possessives are my, your, his, her, its, our, and their. In contrast, the strong (or absolute) possessive pronouns stand on their own: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, and theirs. The strong possessive is a type of independent genitive. A possessive pronoun never takes an apostrophe. Examples and Observations We were both work-study kids with University jobs. Hers was in the library; mine was in the Commons cafeteria.​(Stephen King, Joyland. Titan Books, 2013)Go on, get inside the TARDIS. Oh, never given you a key? Keep that. Go on, that’s yours. Quite a big moment really!(The Doctor to Donna in The Poison Sky. Doctor Who, 2005)Ours is an age of relentless testing, corrupted by cooked or deceitful results and widespread cheating scandals.(Joseph Featherstone, Tested. The Nation, February 17, 2014)Mine is a long and sad tale! said the Mouse, turning to Alice, and sighing.It is a long tail, certainly, said Alice, looking down with wonder at the Mouses tail; but why do you call it sad?(Lewis Carroll, Alices Adventures in Wonderland)She underlines passages in my Bible because she cant find hers.(Ned in The War of the Simpsons. The Simpsons, 1991)Woman must have her freedom—the fundamental freedom of choosing whether or not she shall be a mother and how many children she w ill have. Regardless of what mans attitude may be, that problem is hers—and before it can be his, it is hers alone.(Margaret Sanger, Woman and the New Race, 1920)Its really hard to be roommates with people if your suitcases are much better than theirs.(J.D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, 1951)Those who restrain desire, do so because theirs is weak enough to be restrained.(William Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, 1790-1793) Possessive Pronouns vs. Possessive Determiners The possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, etc.) are like possessive determiners, except that they constitute a whole noun phrase. The house will be  hers  you see when they are properly divorced.Writers have produced extraordinary work in conditions more oppressive than  mine. Possessive pronouns are typically used when the head noun can be found in the preceding context; thus in 1, hers means her house, and in 2, mine means my conditions. Here the possessive pronoun is parallel to the elliptic use of the genitive. (D. Biber, S. Conrad, and G. Leech, Longman Student Grammar of Student and Written English. Pearson, 2002) [The] construction with the possessive pronoun [e.g. a friend of mine] differs from the alternative of possessive determiner noun (e.g. my friend) mainly in that it is more indefinite. The sentences in (30) below illustrates this point. (30) a. You know John? A friend of his told me that the food served at that restaurant is awful.(30) b. You know John? His friend told me that the food served at that restaurant is awful. The construction with the possessive pronoun, in (30a), can be used if the speaker hasnt specified and doesnt need to specify the identity of the friend. In contrast, the construction with the possessive determiner, in (30b), implies that the speaker and listener both know what friend is intended.(Ron Cowan, The Teachers Grammar of English: A Course Book and Reference Guide. Cambridge University Press, 2008) Punctuation With Possessive Pronouns The words hers, ours, theirs, and yours are sometimes termed absolute or independent possessives because they occur when no noun follows. No apostrophe appears in these words, which are often in the predicate [the house was ours] [the fault was theirs]. Sometimes, though, they can occur as subjects [hers was a gift that anyone would envy]. (Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press, 2009) The Lighter Side of Possessive Pronouns: An Irish Toast Heres to you and yours  and to mine and ours,And if mine and ours ever come across you and yours,I hope you and yours will do as much for mine and oursAs mine and ours have done for you and yours!

Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Poem Passage From The Text ...

Letter 1 Page #(s) Passage from the text Insights Questions 1 You will rejoice to hear that no disaster has accompanied the commencement of an enterprise which you have regarded with such evil forebodings. I arrived here yesterday, and my first task is to assure my dear sister of my welfare and increasing confidence in the success of my undertaking. (E) Mary Shelley is trying to express how Robert’s journey was unapproved by his sister because she had thought poorly of the enterprise. It seems the author is using foreshadowing to hint at the coming of danger to the captain of the ship. 2 These volumes were my study day and night, and my familiarity with them increased that regret which I had felt, as a child, on learning that my father s dying injunction had forbidden my uncle to allow me to embark in a seafaring life. (Q) R. Walton’s father had restricted his uncle for R.Walton to forbid on a seafaring life but what had caused the father to cause such a restriction to his son’s life. 3 And now, dear Margaret, do I not deserve to accomplish some great purpose? (R)This passage had caused me to reflect that human nature is one that inspires achievement. R.Waltons shows this through his determination on achieving a great task. 1 But supposing all these conjectures to be false, you cannot contest the inestimable benefit which I shall confer on all mankind, to the last generation, by discovering a passage near the pole to those countries, to reach which at present so manyShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Gothic Genre and What it Entails6177 Words   |  25 Pagesis often said that one of the unifying features of Romanticism is its intentional political relevance. Much of the canonical Romantic literature is inspired or informed by socio-political events. We need only look at Blakes work or key poems by second generation Romantics like Shelleys Ode to the West Wind or The Mask of Anarchy to verify this. The same is true of Romantic Gothic which arose around that unique period in European history posthumously defined by theRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagescultural and critical theory library Open source archive of ebooks, texts, videos, documentary films and podcasts Pages * Home * List of major critical theorists * What is Critical theory ? * What is Frankfurt School ? * Support Critical Theory Library * Contact This Blog This Blog  Ã‚  Ã‚   |    | ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form    Home  » texts  » History amp; Class Consciousness: Preface by Georg Lukà ¡cs (1923) Thursday, February 3, 2011Read MoreCause and Impact Analysis on the Main Character’s Suffering in Elizabeth Gilbert’s Novel Eat, Pray, Love7348 Words   |  30 Pageshidden. The appreciation of literary work was always stand by special attitude such as how to interpret, characterized and evaluate. Literature could not be separated from language because literature was language used at the best. Language was the medium of literature and the only purpose of language communicated something from the person to another. Language was also connection of literary work. As the connection of literary works signed to system which connected of a works of literature, an authorRead MoreInterpretation of the Text13649 Words   |  55 Pagesan expression of beliefs and values of a particular class. We can also see a work of literature as a selfcontained structure of words - as writing that calls attention to itself, to its own images and forms. Viewed in this light, literature differs from other kinds of writing - expressive, persuasive, and expository. Expressive writing aims to articulate the feelings of the writer; persuasive writing seeks co influence the reader; expository writing tries to explain the outer world. By contrast, a

Green Roof Free Essays

string(156) " A study conducted by Environment Canada found a 26% reduction in summer cooling needs and a 26% reduction in winter heat losses when a green roof is used\." Many people don’t know what green roof is. So, what it is? A green roof is not a surface painted green, it is a living surface of plants growing in a soil layer on top of the roof. A thinner or thicker soil layer is spread over the roof membrane itself, sometimes with a protective root barrier, often with a drainage layer underneath. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Roof or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the substrate, draught-tolerant species of plants are grown. Roof vegetation like this one doesn’t at all damage the waterproofing membrane of the roof. In fact it protects it from the uv-light which does damage the membrane over time. There are two types of green roofs: extensive and intensive. There are some differences of its. An extensive roof has very thin soil layers, draught tolerant plants and requires little or almost no maintenance. The limitation here is in the choice of plants. Extensive roof can be established on a very thin layer of soil. An intensive roof garden has much thicker soil layers, and can look like an ordinary garden, with trees and shrubs. Intensive roofs are more park-like with easy access and may include anything from kitchen herbs to shrubs and small trees. This of course needs as much maintenance as a garden does, and can only be constructed on a roof that can bear heavy loads. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It doesn’t matter what type roof is, but construction is a similar. Construction includes drainage materials, plant materials and establishment methods. For each green roof project, different site conditions and your aims and motives will govern the choice of materials and establishment methods. Therefore, if you are planning to build a green roof, consider the following two sections carefully. There are some roof sections which are important. First is a waterproofing. The membrane is made waterproof, and it will stay waterproof unless it gets physically damaged or aged. What ages a bitumen membrane is mainly uv-light and temperature extremes. Unless the roof membrane is damaged while laying the green roof, the soil and vegetation cover protects the membrane from these types of injuries later. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=32sub=19) Second section is root barrier. The asphalt waterproofing itself is not classified as root resistant and had to be reinforced with a root barrier. This barrier consists of rubberized asphalt enforced with polyester and treated eight a root-repelling agent. There are also synthetic waterproofing membranes (like PVC liners) available that are root resistant and do not require an additional root barrier. Different countries have different building practices and rules for green roofs – and many countries have no rules at all yet. In Germany, for example, a root barrier is always laid under a green roof. This is to ensure that no roots can damage the waterproofing. A root barrier is sometimes incorporated in the drainage layer. It can be chemical and poisonous to plants, or it can be a thin copper sheet, or rubber sealed so as to avoid seams. If your motive for having a green roof is sustainability and ecological consciousness, it’s a good idea to ask your contractor about the method. In Sweden, the usual practice is that under extensive roof vegetation (2 – 5 cm soil), where only sedums and moss can survive, an extra root barrier is not considered necessary, since the sedums used have weak roots, and moss has no roots at all. When the soil layer is thicker, and therefore can hold more water, other plants grow there, and there is a risk of getting weeds with more penetrative roots. Second layer is insulation. Insulation boards can be made from extruded polystyrene which has high water resistance and compressive strength. The main difference from the old roof is that the insulation layer must be places above the waterproofing membrane, but on the new roofs insulation must be located below the waterproofing. Second, but not less important, is drainage. The main reason for using a drainage layer is that if a lot of water drains off along the surface of the soil, this will cause erosion. The second reason, is that for roofs which are almost flat, too much water would remain on the roof, forming puddles. Especially sedum vegetation is adapted to dry conditions, and tends to rot if submerged. Besides, too much water available can lead to unwanted plants establishing on the roof. Another function of the drainage materials that are often used is to store some amount of water. This effect becomes more and more important the drier the conditions on the roof are, due to climate, a steeper slope or other conditions on the roof. Drainage materials used in green roofs include natural materials, recycled materials and manufactured drainage mats. (â€Å"Green roof systems† Susan K. Weiler, Katrin Scolz-Barth) And finally, the top layer is growing medium with plants. The growing medium provides nutrients and structure for the roots to anchor in. the proprietary mixes of the manufacturer consist of a lightweight aggregate, expanded shale, and some compost. The organic components make up about three to six percent of the shallow planting areas. The mix for deeper planting areas has slightly more organics. This mix is also heavier and allows a higher water-holding capacity in order to support the larger plants of these areas. In conclusion, one has to realize that there is no cookie cutter approach when it comes to the design of a green roof section. Though certain layers are always present – waterproofing, root barrier, insulation, protection layer, drainage layer, growing medium – their actual composition varies widely responding to a particular situation. â€Å"Green roof – a case study† Christian Werthmann) Green roofs have many advantages. One is a cooling effect. It is very useful effect for individual houses at summer time. A black bitumen roof easily reaches temperatures of 80 ° Celsius in the summer. When a soil layer and the shading plants protect the roof, the surface temperature usually doesnâ₠¬â„¢t rise above the surrounding air temperature. A study conducted by Environment Canada found a 26% reduction in summer cooling needs and a 26% reduction in winter heat losses when a green roof is used. You read "Green Roof" in category "Papers" In addition to this, the plants and soil evaporate water, creating a cooling effect, and a moister air, more comfortable to breathe. Cooling effect is useful at summer, but at winter there is another green roof feature – insulation. The soil layer provides an additional insulation. In warmer climates a green roof especially the versions with thicker soil layer, can make a difference in the heating required in the building. Life expectancy of the root membrane is also important. The waterproofing of the roof, for example bitumen, has a normal life expectancy of 25 years. After that it needs replacing. The reasons are that the uv-light from the sun makes the surface brittle, and then the expansion and shrinking caused by the fluctuations in temperature, together with the loss of elasticity, causes cracks to form in the membrane. The high temperatures in themselves, above 60 ° Celsius, age the membrane. The green roof protects the waterproofing from both the uv-light and the temperature extremes, increasing the life expectancy of the membrane to at least 60 years. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) One of the most important effects of green roofs in the cities is their potential for retaining and delaying rainwater during storms. The gutters and sewers in the city have to be big enough to cope with the amounts of water that falls during extreme storm events. As more and more surfaces in the built up areas are made hard and impermeable, less water can percolate naturally into the soil. This means that the sewers and treatment plants get higher and higher loads. For the water treatment plant this can be a great problem, since they take care of sewage as well as rainwater. If the sewage gets very diluted by a heavy rain, the sensitive chemical and microbiological processes are disturbed. Getting the balance back costs time and money, and in the meantime, sewage is less completely cleaned. Also, the treatment plants cannot store unlimited amounts of water, so during extreme rains, they are forced to let completely untreated water to the natural waters. The more rain water that is taken care of locally, the less often we will have to face these polluting events. (http://progressivetimes. wordpress. om/2010/10/04/one-roof-two-roofs-green-roofs-blue-roofs/) There are some effects which are interesting. The heat island effect. This is the effect that makes cities reach a higher average temperature than the countryside around them. The large amount of stone, asphalt and concrete in the towns and cities that absorb the heat from the sun in the daytime, and release it at night. An additional cause is the lack of trees and other vegetation. The night time tempe rature rises, and in the summer people suffers from sleeplessness. The cost of air condition goes up. Green roofs can protect from noise and electromagnetic radiation. Thick layers and plants can reduce noise in the outdoor environment and green roofs can reduce the electromagnetic radiation that enters a building to a great extent. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) The most important problem in big cities is pollution. Green roof vegetation, as well as other vegetation, use CO2 for their respiration, and therefore reduce the negative effects of pollution. Best are highly productive plants, which in a year can produce a lot of biomass. An extensive green roof does not produce very much, but intensive ones could. In this case, it might be a question of a small extra advantage, when large surfaces of the cities rooftops are used for vegetation. This is not a method that can be used as an only solution to the problems of pollution and global warming, but together with all the other beneficial effects of green roofs, it is a small step in the right direction. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) Green roofs also provide habitats for plants, insects, and animals that otherwise have limited natural space in cities. In modern city planning, â€Å"green corridors† are planned into the cities, where parks and waterways can connect the city with the surrounding countryside, and get humans in closer contact with nature. In the places where there isn’t enough ground space for green space, the green corridors, and the habitats for animals don’t have to be discontinued, if the flat roofs are used. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) Thus green roof save materials, energy and money, produce less waste, can protect from negative cities impact and what is the most important – is environmental friendly. However, green roof has some disadvantages. Weight is problematical field. A thin extensive green roof of the type widely used weighs about 50 kg/m2 when saturated with water. Lighter versions are available, that uses rock wool as substrate instead of soil, which gives a weight of about 35 kg/m2. Compare that to tiles that weigh 33 – 37 kg /m2, depending on the type. If you live in a region where you can expect snow, then weight has to be reckoned as well. So some buildings, especially old buildings, cannot be retrofitted with certain kinds of green roof because of the weight load of the substrate and vegetation exceeds permitted static loading. Depending on what kind of green roof it is, the maintenance costs could be higher. Cost is the main reason why people didn’t want green roofs. Properly designed and -installed systems include root barriers. It is true that installing adequate waterproofing systems and root barriers automatically can increase the initial cost of the roof. A properly designed and installed green-roof system can cost 15 to 20 dollars per square foot as a total cost, not including the roof’s waterproof layers. In Europe, a well-designed and professionally installed fully integrated green roof can cost anywhere between 100 to 200 euros per square meter, depending on the kind of roof, the building structure, and which plants are used. Despite of that, I think that green roofs have more advantages than disadvantages. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It is clear that living green roofs and landscapes over structure are not a panacea for ameliorating the negative environmental impacts resulting from increased development or the loss of open space. They cannot and will not replace our forests and prairies, will nor remediate the degradation of all stream corridors, and will not stop global warming by themselves. However, green roofs and landscapes over structure can act buffers to mitigate the impacts of unbridled and unplanned urban growth and development. Reducing building roofs generates less storm water runoff, reduces the heat gain that affects our indoor and outdoor environments, and mitigates the continued degradation of air and water quality. Green roofs provide additional usable, confortable open space. How to cite Green Roof, Papers

Impact of Privatization on the Economy of Abu Dhabi †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Privatization on the Economy of Abu Dhabi. Answer: Research Questions The current is a research work focused on examining the impact of privatization on the economy of Abu Dhabi. The research will explore the various aspects of privatization on the economy of Abu Dhabi. The research question for the current research can be framed as: What is the extent of privatization in Abu Dhabi? What are the effects of privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy? What economic issues have been created with the privatization of Abu Dhabi Economy? Relevant Literature In the perspective of Whitfield (2016) most of the major and the leading economies of the world have a quest for the economic growth. Several economies have pursued the population control, human capital investment and obtaining financial aids as a replacement for the economic growth. However, the economic crisis has not been able to be addressed by any of the following factors. In addition to it, several factors such as the investment, technological innovation and education have been critical in creating a fundamental change in the economic structure of the countries. According to Powell, Miller (2014) the privatization can be defined as the method of reallocation of the assets and business control from the private entities to the public enterprises. Privatization has been adopted by majority of the countries of the world and is rapidly spreading to different parts of the world. Privatization brings radical changes in the economic structure as it formalizes and established property rights and creates incentives for the individuals which motivate them to work harder. Innes, A. (2017) has discussed that privatization leads to the development of free market economy which is dependent upon specific property rights of the people. It encourages large number of low-cost exchange which increases specialization and enhances economic productivity. Otten, J. M. (2015) has stated that the privatization increases the efficiency as it solves the extreme problems in the business environment. The engaged parties examines a business situation with the cost-benefit analysis and obtain the best-fit solution. A large number of governments are also pursuing privatization strategy, because of the notion that the government is overloaded with work and they cannot handle efficient organizations as they consists of several layers of bureaucracy. The private sector also responds quickly to the market demands whereas the public sector is not driven by the financial incentives or the external market conditions. The privatization can also have a positive impact on the fiscal situation of a country. The privatization is used to finance the government expenditures and pay off the future debts. In addition, it can also be used for paying off a portion of the governments debts so that interest rates of the existing investments can be reduced. Li Xu (2002) have stated that the government can reduce the total expenditure by increasing privatization. In addition, the government can also begin collecting taxes from the private business enterprises. It can also reduce the process of over-borrowing and increase in the national debt. Privatization has numerous benefits. It gives ownership to large number of population which establishes their property rights; the individuals become more motivated towards work and invest in their enterprises. There are several modes of privatization, and the selection of a particular mode is dependent upon the political ideology of the government. The most common method of privatization is selling the state-owned enterprises to the private organizations. The government needs to decide which institutions will be privatized and the private buyers can buy the shares of these companies. It can generate revenue for the government and these organizations can get restructured with the help of these investors. nis (2011) has stated that voucher privatization is another method of privatization wherein the government sells some vouchers to the investors and these vouchers can be exchanged for other institutions being privatized. It consolidates the privatization process and diversifies the r isks to the citizens. Internal privatization is another method of privatization in which the employees or themanagement buys out the shares of the state-owned enterprise. The enterprises are sold to the managers who are familiar with the firm and its infrastructure; however, this method creates minimal revenue for the government. According to Etemad, Denicolai, Hagen Zucchellla (2016), in Dubai, there is Abu Dhabi investment council which focuses on diversifying the economy by suggesting the government to divest and create globally diversified portfolio. The privatization process has been beneficial in Abu Dhabi as it has resulted in better access to health care and education sector. The public-private partnership has been the first step towards privatization in Abu Dhabi. Currently, most of the development projects in Abu Dhabi have been handled with the help of world-class partnership between the private and the public entities. Although private organizations have started operating in Abu Dhabi, the inclination of the people towards private organization is less. Today, most of the workers in these organizations are foreign workers. The government needs to create appropriate opportunities in the private sector so that the human resource issue in these organizations can be resolved (Schwab, 2010). Methodology The research methodology is an integral part of the research process. It refers to the process of selection of different methods for the research (Bernard Russell, and Ryan, Gery 2010). The research methodology presents an outline of the entire research process and guides the researcher regarding the direction of the research study. The research process requires the application of various research methods, philosophies, and research design and research approach. There are two types of research philosophies, namely, positivism and interpretivism (Creswell, 2013). In the positivism research paradigm, the researcher is considered different from the research process. The personal perception and belief of the researcher should not impact on the research outcomes. Interpretivism is another research paradigm which states that the researcher is a part of the research process (Bui, 2013). According to this paradigm, the viewpoint of the researcher impacts on the research process. In the prese nt research, the positivism research paradigm has been used (Creswell and Clark, 2011). Along with it, the deductive research approach has been used in the research. As per this research approach, the research begins with a hypothesis or research question and the process validates it. In contrast to it, the inductive research approach is more open-ended (Kaar, 2009). It is focused on obtaining some new information related to the research subject. The deductive research approach is used with the quantitative research methods (Kasi, 2009). These research methods obtain information which is quantifiable or can be analyzed through statistical methods. The quantitative research methods are used to verify some previous theory or to establish correlation between two variables. This method is commonly used in the research process due to its accurate results and ease. The researcher can also adopt qualitative research methods. Interviews and case studies are the common example of the qualitative research process (Onwuegbuzie Frels,2016). The qualitative research methods are foc used to find some new or novel information related to the research subject. They are commonly used in the social research and used for explaining or understanding some social phenomenon (Saunders, 2011). In the present research, the method of survey will be used. The survey questionnaire will comprise of fifteen questions. The questions will be related to the impact of privatization on Abu Dhabi economy. The participation in the survey will be on the pure voluntary basis. The executives and the business managers at different positions will be asked to participate in the survey process. Initially, a consent form will be sent to the research participants (Stebbins, 2001). The participants who agree to the research will be sent the actual research questionnaire. The sample size for the research has been selected as 100. The random sampling method is used for the selection of the research participants. In this sampling technique, the research participants are selected on pure random basis (Taylor, Bogdan, and DeVault, 2015). In the research process, both secondary and primary research methods are used. The primary data is collected with the help survey. The primary data refers to the data collection methods in which the novel information is collected for the research. The information collected with these methods is exclusive to the research process (Thyer, 2010). On the other hand, the secondary data refers to the data collection methods in which the data collected for other research is used for the research. These methods collect the data which has previously been collected by other researchers. In the present research, literature review will be used as a secondary data collection method. In this method, the view of the prominent and eminent authors will be collected and presented. It will be assured that the resources are qualitative in nature and reliable. Therefore, the unreliable sources such as Wikipedia and blogs will not be used (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). The information will be collected from peer reviewed journal articles, books and government websites. The researcher will also try to abide by the ethical considerations in the research. It is important to abide by the ethical principles to establish validity and credibility to the research. The research outcomes are used and read by a large number of people in the research community; therefore, it is important to establish trust in the community. The researcher should also focus on protecting the privacy and the confidentiality of the research participants. The personal information of the research participants will be saved in a password protected file. Another academic offense is plagiarism. It is the process of using someone else academic work, and passing it to others without giving credit to the author (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). The author has made sure to give credibility to the writers whose work they have used in the researcher. Proper in-text citation and referencing is used to give credibility to the authors. Outcomes The research is focused on identifying the impact on privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy. The research will identify the correlation between Abu Dhabi economy and the privatization. It will examine both positive and negative impact of privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy. A survey will be conducted to explore the impact of privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy. The survey will examine the positive and the negative impact of the privatization on Abu Dhabi economy. The research participants are selected as the managers and the business executives in the leading business organizations in Abu Dhabi. The research participant criterion is established to assure that the participants are aware of the privatization process and its influence on Abu Dhabi economy. The knowledge obtained from the research will help tin getting a broader perspective regarding the influenced of privatization in the economy. With the help for the literature, the current knowledge regarding the correlation bet ween privatization and the economy has been explored. The literature will establish a background for the research study. Timescale The research will be conducted over a period of three years. The research is a complex process and requires the researcher to undertake various challenging tasks simultaneously. In the initial stage of the research, the research and objectives will be determined. In this stage, the project aim and the research question will be decided. The process will take one month. Later, a literature review will be conducted to explore the current knowledge in the research area. After establishing background to the research study, the researcher will determine the research methods required for the research. The research methodology refers to the various methods and procedures required for the research. It is not a method itself, but provides the outline for the research. The research methodology will be established during the second year of the research (Thyer, 2010). Then after, a pilot study will be conducted to assure that the research is going in the right direction. During the third year, th e primary data will be collected with the help of survey method. During this tenure, the researcher will also analyze the data and conclude the research study. References United Nations Publications. (2001). Analysis of the Role of the Private Sector in ESCWA Member Countries with Egypt and Saudi Arabia as Case Studies. United Nations Publications. Etemad, H., Denicolai, S., Hagen, B., Zucchellla, A. (2016). The Changing Global Economy and its Impact on International Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar Publishing. Schwab, K. (2010, September). The global competitiveness report 2010-2011. Geneva: World Economic Forum. Li, W., Xu, L. C. (2002). The political economy of privatization and competition: cross-country evidence from the telecommunications sector.Journal of Comparative Economics,30(3), 439-462. nis, Z. (2011). Power, Interests and Coalitions: the political economy of mass privatisation in Turkey.Third World Quarterly,32(4), 707-724. Otten, J. M. (2015).The neoliberal katastrofa: privatisation, development and a changing economy in Macedonias Tikve wine region(Doctoral dissertation, University of Kent,). Innes, A. (2017). The political economy of the Conservative Manifesto: a hallucinatory celebration of the state.British Politics and Policy at LSE. Powell, M., Miller, R. (2014). Framing Privatisation in the English National Health Service.Journal of Social Policy,43(3), 575-594. Whitfield, D. (2016). Inquiry into Privatisation in Australia.People. Roland, G. (2008). Privatization: Successes and Failures. Columbia University Press. Beisheim, M., Wezsacker, E., Young, O.R., Finger, M. (2012). Limits to Privatization: How to Avoid Too Much of a Good Thing : a Report to the Club of Rome. Earthscan. Gonzalez, J.J., Kemp, R.L. (2016). Privatization in Practice: Reports on Trends, Cases and Debates in Public Service by Business and Nonprofits. McFarland. Obinger, H., Schmitt, C., Trub, S. (2016). The Political Economy of Privatization in Rich Democracies. Oxford University Press. Bardes, B., Shelley, M., Schmidt, S. (2008). American Government and Politics Today: The Essentials 2009 - 2010 Edition. Cengage Learning. McDonald, D.A., Ruiters, G. (2012). Alternatives to Privatization: Public Options for Essential Services in the Global South. Routledge. Bernard, H. Russell, and Ryan, Gery W. (2010). Analyzing qualitative data: Systematic approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Bui, Y.N. 2013. How to Write a Master's Thesis. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Creswell, J.W. (2013).Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. Creswell, J.W. and Clark, V.L.P. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. London: SAGE. Kaar, M. (2009). Critical Investigation of the Merits and Drawbacks of In-depth Interviews. GRIN Verlag. Kasi, P. (2009). Research: What, Why and How? Bloomington: AuthorHouse. Onwuegbuzie, A.J. and Frels, R. (2016). Seven Steps to a Comprehensive Literature Review: A Multimodal and Cultural Approach. London: SAGE. Saunders, N.K. (2011). Research Methods for Business Students. Pearson Education. Stebbins, R.A. (2001). Exploratory Research in the Social Sciences. Boston: SAGE Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Thyer, B. (2010). The Handbook of Social Work Research Methods. London: SAGE. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017). Strategic management and business policy. Pearson.

Anselms Onotological Arguments Essay

Anselms Onotological Arguments Essay Anselms Onotological Arguments Essay BIB1001 Old Testament History and Literature University of Northwestern Mark H. Muska Fall 2013 1-2 Kings 1. Author: unknown, but probably one person because of the unity of writing style throughout the books. 1.1 As with 1-2 Samuel, the writer had access to several named sources: Book of the Acts of Solomon (1 Kings 11:41), Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah (14:29) and Israel (14:19). 1.2 The author appears to write soon after the start of the Babylonian Captivity (c. 550). He refers to the destruction of Jerusalem and Judah taken to Babylon (2 Kings 25), to the 37th year of the exile (25:27), but does not mention the return from Babylon. 1.3 Some of the great writers of that period include Jeremiah, Ezekiel, or Ezra. 2. Date: the events of 1 Kings begin with David very old and his successor in question, about 970. 2 Kings ends noting King Jehoiachin’s release from prison in Babylon in about 560. Without definite evidence to the contrary, the book was probably written soon after the events in the book conclude, somewhere in the middle of the Babylonian exile in the mid-500’s. 3. Structure: as with 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings appear to have originally been one book because there is no major break in the narrative from 1 Kings to 2 Kings. The two books together have three major sections. 3.1 United Kingdom: David and Solomon (1 Kings 1-11). 3.2 Divided Kingdom: Israel and Judah (1 Kings 12 to 2 Kings 17). 3.3 Kingdom of Judah (2 Kings 18-25). 4. Purpose: to evaluate the rise and fall of Israel because of the disobedience of the kings. The books could be appropriately titled â€Å"The Rise, Decline, and Fall of the Hebrew Monarchy.† 5. United Kingdom: David and Solomon (1 Kings 1-11). 5.1 This section explains the initial deterioration of the nation after it reaches its greatest power. 5.2 The nation expands to its greatest power with Solomon, yet because of his wandering, the nation begins to decline. It is predicted that the Northern tribes will be torn from Solomon and his family (1 Kings 11:11-13). 5.3 David establishes Solomon as king just before David’s death (1 Kings 2:12) and charges Solomon to remain faithful, for the kingdom to endure (1 Kings 2:1-4). 5.4 Solomon serves God with sincerity, seeking the good of the nation by asking for wisdom to rule well (1 Kings 3:6-9). 5.5 God grants grants Solomon’s request for wisdom, then God prospers him like no other king in Israel before or after (1 Kings 3:10-14). 5.6 Solomon is also faithful to build the temple (1 Kings 6:1). 5.61 God promises to bless Solomon, but the promise is conditional (1 Kings 6:11-13). 5.62 How do we reconcile this condition on Solomon with the unconditional promise to David in 2 Samuel 7? Each son of David must follow God to prosper. If they do not, God will put another son of David on the throne in their place. 5.63 The temple is fabulous and ornate (1 Kings 6:23-28, for example). 5.64 God dwells in the Temple (1 Kings 8:10-11). 5.65 Israel celebrates with worship and joy (1 Kings 8:62-66). 5.7 Solomon and the entire nation prosper greatly (1 Kings 10:14-21). 5.71 Solomon’s house is also build, symbolizing that as God’s presence is established in the nation (in the Temple being built), the king is also established with a firm rule (7:1-12). 5.8 Yet the end of Solomon’s life is tragic. Solomon wanders away from the Lord to idols (1 Kings 11:1-4). The consequences for him and the nation are far-reaching. 5.81 The immediate result is adversity for Solomon and the nation: Hadad the Edomite (1 Kings 11:14-22), Rezon (11:23-25), and, most significantly, Jeroboam (11:26). 5.82 The long-term result is that most of the tribes will be taken from David’s dynasty. Only Judah will remain (11:9-13, 29-36). 5.83 David’s line of kings is inconsistent after the time of Solomon, over the next 400 years. Some are great kings, and the kingdom prospers.

Free Essays on Racial Discrimination Act

From as early to the arrival of foreign migrants in the 1850’s gold rush, racial discrimination has always been an ongoing and increasing issue faced migrants all over the world. To abolish any further problems arising from racial discrimination, the Racial Discrimination Act was established in 1975 in order to ensure that everyone was treated equally. Regardless of their nationality, race, colour, background and ethnicity, this act clearly states that racial discrimination is unlawful in Australia. The Racial Discrimination Act defines discrimination as â€Å"any preference, distinction or exclusion based on race which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of any human right or fundamental freedom in the political economic social cultural or any other field of public life..† Even though the act was established years after the settlement of early foreign migrants facing the worst case of racial discrimination, it did however help convinced Australians to change their perspective of migrants and on come occasions, stopped them from out casting them from the community. It has reduced the racial disputes between migrants and Australians, and has gradually led to the acceptance of their identity despite their differences and beliefs. This law has brought a lot of benefactors, one of them dominantly being multiculturalism which has greatly impacted and made Australia the great country it is today.... Free Essays on Racial Discrimination Act Free Essays on Racial Discrimination Act From as early to the arrival of foreign migrants in the 1850’s gold rush, racial discrimination has always been an ongoing and increasing issue faced migrants all over the world. To abolish any further problems arising from racial discrimination, the Racial Discrimination Act was established in 1975 in order to ensure that everyone was treated equally. Regardless of their nationality, race, colour, background and ethnicity, this act clearly states that racial discrimination is unlawful in Australia. The Racial Discrimination Act defines discrimination as â€Å"any preference, distinction or exclusion based on race which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of any human right or fundamental freedom in the political economic social cultural or any other field of public life..† Even though the act was established years after the settlement of early foreign migrants facing the worst case of racial discrimination, it did however help convinced Australians to change their perspective of migrants and on come occasions, stopped them from out casting them from the community. It has reduced the racial disputes between migrants and Australians, and has gradually led to the acceptance of their identity despite their differences and beliefs. This law has brought a lot of benefactors, one of them dominantly being multiculturalism which has greatly impacted and made Australia the great country it is today....

Understanding consumer decision process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Understanding consumer decision process - Essay Example In the market situation, interacting factors determines the movement of products and services. One important factor in the conceptualization and production of products and commodities is the target market. The consumers' reaction to products offered commands the possible success of certain products. Consumers utilize goods and services on a daily basis. In the present era wherein every product that a consumer can possibly need is available in the market, producers compete mainly on the quality of products and goods offered.The consumers mainly comprise the target market of goods and products produced in the market, thus, factors that affect their decision process with regards to the purchase of different products and services in the market is studied. The study of factors that contribute to the choice of consumers is an important field that can be explored. Every choice made by the buyers specifically the type of products to buy, the brand, the size and other specifications are affec ted by factors (Johnson, & Mullen, 1990, p.1). To be able to better demonstrate the behavior of the consumer with regards to the choices made in buying any goods in the market, a certain product is chosen and studied.Personal items such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and perfumes are items that are widely available in the market. Perfumes are products that are available in the market that are produced from the mixture of aromatics or chemical compounds with distinct smell. Through the history, the role of perfumes has evolved from being a fashion and luxury item to a personal necessity (The Columbia Encyclopedia, 2006). In a survey conducted products that are considered of personal necessity has an increasing trend with regards to sales in the market. Perfume and other cosmetic items comprise 10.84% of the sales for the second quarter of 2004 which is comparatively higher than the same period in 2003 (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Statistica, 2004). One company that distributes perfumes in the market is the Ralph Lauren. The company was established in the 70's when Ralph Lauren himself started producing ties and men's wear and in 1971 started designing women's line. It was in the 1978 when Ralph Lauren produced the first line of fragrance and perfume collection. The collection started only from one kind of perfume for each gender (Ralph Lauren Media, 2006). Based on the 2005 report of the company, 9.4% of the total sales were derived from the line perfumes produced (Polo Ralph Lauren, 2006). The perfumes and fragrances are types of products that focus on different target markets. There are perfumes for both men and women and for any ages. Another type of customization with regards to these fragrances is the type of activities that the consumers are involved in. There is a product line that fits subdued activities such those consumers that wear perfumes when going to work. One product line targets the active individuals. This line is called the Ralph Lauren Polo Sports perfume which has two different variants, for men and for women. The target of this perfume line is the particular groups of individuals that are health conscious and either engaged in sports and other physical fitness activities. This group belongs to the population with age ranging from 20 years of age and with no upper limit that are fit and sporty individuals. These products were produced by RL in response to the 90's trend towards the development of a healthy and active lifestyle through sports and ex ercise enthusiasm (Ralph Lauren Media, 2006). The Consumer Behavior In the study of the marketability of any products, an important focus is given to the behavior of the consumers. The consumer behavior encompasses the practices involved in the sales of any products in the market. It is studied through the combined tools of different scientific fields such as sociology, psychology and other related fields that explore human behavior in the society

Economy Fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economy Fashion - Essay Example The lines of authority, decision making and the planning processes are unclear to the employees and the owner of the company. As the company was to be inherited by Joe through his father, it was pretty much evident that he would not focus on the performance aspect of company. He focused on the designing process of the business, leaving the main area of performance vacant. Although it was a good step to follow the designing process which would help Joe to focus on the production area of the company but this focus alone would not really help in isolation. Proper business sense, entrepreneurship and the some ability and knowledge to run the management of the organization was as important as the designing process. The lack f this ability from the start led Joe to act as an autocratic leader within the organization. Although the system within the organization seemed to be a decentralized one, it was not actually a decentralized one. The decision making power lied in the hand of Joe and th is blocked the way for innovative ideas being forwarded by the management of the organization, even the smallest decision involving immaterial items were taken by the owner himself. This clearly shows that there is a lack of delegation within the organization and proper delegation would result in better flow of information within the company. Collection of Evidence There are two ways of collecting evidence about these problems, one way is to do quantitative analysis and the other is to perform a qualitative analysis. The quantitative analysis would include analyzing the financial performance of the company and assessing whether those financial records are properly recorded and maintained as per their specified standards. The reduction in the function of the Vice President to a mere office manager suggests that the company may not be recording the financial information correctly. To analyze this further, a proper analysis of all the financial statements prepared by the company should be assessed to ensure that the information is recorded correctly. As Economy Fashions is growing gradually, it would need proper financial records to ensure responsibility accounting within the organization. Responsibility accounting would help in identifying those people kept responsible for the running of any particular department/division. The qualitative analysis would include the assessment of the organization’s structure and the organizational culture to ensure whether a decentralized system can be implemented within the organization. Besides the decentralization issue, there is a clear lack of succession planning within the organization. Succession planning would help in future planning for a company i.e. a replacement for an existing employee at an important position should be properly planned such that when the existing employees retires or quits the job, the replacement of that employee should be ready and he/she should be equally good as the one who quits the job. Quantitative and Qualitative Issues With the implementation of the decentralized structure and the â€Å"Coach and Team Syndrome† Concept there would be some other problems that need to be addressed within Economy Fashions. The quantitative and qualitative issues that would need attention would be; Divisional managers performance being appraised on the basis of the â€Å"Return on Capital Employed† concept, this would mean that each division’s return would be compared with the initial investment made in that division and finally upon those basis, the performance of the divisional manager would be ascertained. The evaluation of the manager using the ROCE concept would lead to dysfunctional behavior where the manager

HUM310 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HUM310 - Essay Example This statement can also be found in different sections of the book even more emphasizing how Dubois believes that the division of the society based on the skin color of the people has greatly impacted the interactions of people within the society, that is between dark-skinned and fair-skinned people. He creates the symbolism of a Veil that describes how African Americans, and other dark-skinned men at that, are separated from the world they are living in. Living in a predominantly white society, African Americans living in the American society face different kinds of unjust and unfair treatment. There is somehow a shield or a Veil that separates the two worlds though living in the same space. But even in this line of thought, Dubois himself was able to break free from that Veil, from the division, by being able to engage himself in the activities that the White men believe Blacks cannot. He became a university graduate. He was able to present his thoughts with great impact, especially through his work The Souls of Black Folks. He was also able to show, even within his work, how African Americans can integrate themselves within the society that is evidently has divisions. Dubois presented the concept of dual consciousness which allowed the readers to see how African Americans even within themselves are separated. African Americans are torn within themselves because of their culture and color and their citizenship. African Americans struggle everyday with segregation, discrimination and restrictions of their activities. They struggle everyday fighting for their human rights and beliefs that they, too, are part of the society they are living in. And while they are struggling for their own identity in a world which doesn’t readily accept that they, too, have the same rights as human beings, they also struggle within themselves seeing

Analysis Of The Airline Industry Of Pakistan

Analysis Of The Airline Industry Of Pakistan In 1955 Pakistan International Airline formed. It is the 16th largest airline in Asia, operating scheduled services to 73 destinations throughout Asia, the Middle East, Europe and North America, as well as an extensive domestic network linking 24 destinations. PIA is three stars International Airline. In our report we did SWOT analysis and PEST analysis on PIA, identify major strength we find as leading market position, brand recognition, superior operating structure, network presence, hub airport at Karachi, and effective use of technology. Formulation on GOVT rule, High dependencies on passenger revenues, high debt, and reliance on oil prices are major weakness, opportunities are like having MAX route and fleet, growth demand for low cost airline, customer loyalty, shifting customer needs and industry recovery, and major threats are high interest rates, accidents, strong competition by Air blue, interest and foreign currency exchange rates, and decline in industry. In PEST analysis we discover major Governments active role in increasing competition in the airline industry, inflation rate, turning of social environment of Pakistan liberal with the new regime. Innovation in technology, and its impact on distribution and cost synergies from industry consolidation. We recommend PIA for better service to decentralized its management system, develop SBUs, adopt transparent promotion polices, employee empowerment to increase the employee motivation and moral. Try to decrease its overhead cost, adopt effective marketing policy, two way communication and TQM. Upgrade its fleet; purchase new Airplane with twin engines these will reduce the operating cost of PIA. Improve control over fares. Hire the services of IT specialists; improve service standards focusing on quality. Pakistan International Airlines Introduction: When Pakistan was founded in 1947 it comprised two territories on either side of the expanse of India. It was in this unusual circumstance that Pakistan International was formed in 1955. Despite wars and economic trouble, the carrier survived to grow and prosper. Pakistan International Airlines is the flag carrier airline of Pakistan, based in Karachi. It is the 16th largest airline in Asia, operating scheduled services to 73 destinations throughout Asia, the Middle East, Europe and North America, as well as an extensive domestic network linking 24 destinations. Its main bases are Jinnah International Airport, Karachi, the Allama Iqbal International Airport, Lahore and the Islamabad International Airport, Islamabad/Rawalpindi. The airline also has secondary bases, including Peshawar International Airport, Faisalabad International Airport, Quetta International Airport and Multan International Airport, from which it connects the metropolitan cities with the main bases, the Middle East and the Far East. The airline is owned by the Government of Pakistan (87%) and other shareholders (13%). It has 19,263 employees (at March 2007). AIRLINE INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN: There are 36 operational airports. Karachi is Pakistans main airport but significant levels of both domestic and international cargo are also handled at Islamabad and Lahore. Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), the public sector airline, though facing the competition from a few private airlines, carries approximately 70 percent of domestic passengers and almost equal domestic freight traffic. The transportation sector accounts for about 10.5 percent of the countrys GDP and 27.4 percent of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) in FY06. It provides over 6 percent of employment in the country and receives 12 to 16 percent of the annual Federal Public Sector Development Program (PSDP). Government agencies dominate the sector. Hierarchy of PIA: This organization is divided into following departments: Human Resource and Administration, Marketing, Corporate Planning, Information Services, Finance, Flight Services, Flight Operation, Engineering, Procurement and Logistics, Customer Services, Training and Development, Quality Assurance. The organ gram of the organization follows, with the Chairman at the top and directors of departments reporting to him. The structure is centralized with the top-level management making the decisions. CORPORATE VISION OF PIA: To be a world class airline exceeding customer expectations through dedicated employees Committed to excellence. CORPORATE MISSION As a Symbol of National Pride, We Aspire to be a Choice Airline, Operating Profitably on Modern Commercial concepts and Capable of Competing with the Best in the International as well as Domestic markets. VALUES: 6.1). Customer Expectations: PIA is the most trusted name in the industry. The reason of its goodwill is according the expectation of their customers that PIA has fulfilled always. By providing competitive tariff, extensive care, and convenience to their valued and potential customers. 6.2). Service: PIA aims at providing valuable and unique services to its customers. They are more personalized and courteous to their customers. The services are valuable and rare; this is the reason why customers trust PIA. 28 Nov 2004, Pakistan International Airlines PIA passed the IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) benchmark for global safety management The IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) is the benchmark for global safety management in airlines KARACHI, 22 October 2007 Abacus Pakistan officially launched Abacus Travel Secure with AIG, providing local travel agents and travelers easy and convenient access to AIGs travel insurance policies. Available for the first time in Pakistan, Abacus Travel Secure brings real time and immediate activation of travel insurance policies to the Pakistan travel industry with a more streamlined and time saving application process for travel agents 6.3) Innovation: PIA currently has a number of 43 fleets and aims at increasing this numbers to 53 by the next few years.PIA is adoptive to changes and believe in innovation thats create new ideas and translating these ideas into action. 6.4) Reliability: PIA is the most experience airline with its service with more than 53 years. This has built in PIA has become the most reliable airline. PIA is known for its loyalty and consistency. 6.5) Safety: The most challenging responsibility of any organization is to provide complete satisfaction to its employees and customers together. This satisfaction rewards favorable and easy working conditions. The in-flight services are customers friendly and the organizational the organizational environment is also employees oriented. 6.6) Cohesiveness: PIA has 12 departments working in their own direction and also provides a number of services including speedex courier service, catering etc. The most impressive part is these all department and services are integrated in a cohesive way. Services PIA offers two types of services. Business Class Economy Class Business Class Its the only Business Class service that feels like First Class. A comfortable seat makes all the difference on a long flight. PIAs Business Class Seats elevate the concept of luxury to a new level, fully endorsing your decision to choose PIA Business Class Sit back and relax in our exclusive Business Class Lounges at the Karachi, Lahore, and Islamabad airports. Our hospitable staff will ensure that youre well looked after during your stay with us at the airport Business Class passengers arriving at Airport will receive a warm welcome from PIA. Our representatives will walk you right through all the arrival formalities so that you dont have to stand in line or worry about clearance. Economy Class: PIAs economy class is also comfortable for passenger as Business class. Economy Class offer seats with a 32-inch pitch, adjustable footrests and winglet headrests for improved neck comfort. The personal TV provides on-going entertainment including audio and video on-demand choices. Passengers enjoy the same caring service from our flight attendants, along with skillfully prepared meals and a wide range of in-flight entertainment options to choose from. Free newspapers are also provided to all Economy class passengers. The PIA in-flight magazine, Hamsafar, is provided to all passengers on all international flights. Humsafar was introduced on PIA flights in 1980 and it is published bi-monthly.PIA is providing its service in twenty-five cites of Pakistan domestically which are as follows: Giigit Chitral Skardu Saidu Sarif Islamabad Peshawar Sialkot D.I,Khan Lahore Faisalabad Multan Zhob D.G.Khan Quetta Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Dalbandin Sukkar Panjgor Sukkar Jacoababad Turbat Moemjodaro Gwadar Pasni karachi Revenue Composition: According to the latest report of PIA, 87% of revenue generates from passengers, 8% of revenue generates from cargo and remaining 5% consists of others. Fleet Pakistan International Airlines fleet includes the following aircraft (as of May 2008) Major Competitors: PIA is holding the first position in market. It has 48% market share. Its major competitors are Airblue and Shaheen International Airline. Airblue has a market share of 35% while Shaheen International Airline has 17% market share. People feel prestigious to travel with PIA as compare to Airblue and others. Latest products by PIA nad qulaity achievements: Boeing-777 operating to middle east Flight Barcelona Linking Abu Dhabi and rahim yar khan Flights from D.I.Khan to Peshawar and Islamabad Early buy cheaper fly Bradford- Islamabad Nov stop! Pak Glasgow Flight from Multan and D.G khan to Dubai Lowest business class fare paksitan Dubai Connecting Multan and Quetta, Islamabad with Chitral and Nawabshah with Hyderabad. Promoting web ticketing and SMS booking, Ticketing delivery at Door step 9.1) IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) benchmark: 28 Nov 2004, Pakistan International Airlines PIA passed the IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) benchmark for global safety management The IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) is the benchmark for global safety management in airlines. 9.2) E-Ticketing: KARACHI, 22 October 2007 Abacus Pakistan officially launched Abacus Travel Secure with AIG, providing local travel agents and travelers easy and convenient access to AIGs travel insurance policies. Available for the first time in Pakistan, Abacus Travel Secure brings real time and immediate activation of travel insurance policies to the Pakistan travel industry with a more streamlined and time saving application process for travel agents. 9.3) 3Star Ranked airline : SKYTRAX introduced the World Airline Star Rating ® programme in 2000 the Quality Analysis system that ranks airline product and service standards, based on professional evaluation by airline audit specialists. To achieve SKYTRAX Approved Airlineà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ status, airlines are subjected to a very detailed Quality evaluation across all areas of their front-line Product and Service standards by Skytrax covering all areas that passengers will typically experience during their trip. SKYTRAX Approved Airline evaluation covers over 750 aspects of product and service quality measurement, and is split across both airport and onboard environments airport services based around an airlines home base airport. QUALITY RANKING USED IN AIRLINE RATING SUMMARY BELOW = Excellent = Good = Fair = Poor = Very poor :: PIA PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL :: a 3 Star Airline PIA Pakistan Intl Passenger Comments Home Base Airport Ranking = Karachi Airport SUMMARY RANKING Combined Quality of Product / Staff service in airport and onboard environments Business Class Premium Economy Class Economy Class Airport Services Check-In service Business Class Check-In service Economy Class Transfer Services Business Class Transfer Services Economy Class Arrival Services Business Class Lounge product facilities Business Class Lounge staff service Onboard Features Inflight entertainment may vary according to aircraft type Cabin Safety Procedures Inflight Entertainment Amenities, Blankets, Pillows, Towels etc Airline Magazine, Newspapers other mags Cabin Seat Comfort Seat Guide Seating may vary according to aircraft type Business Class long haul Business Class short haul Premium Economy Class long haul Economy Class long haul Economy Class short haul Onboard Catering Business Class long haul Business Class short haul Premium Economy Class long haul Economy Class long haul Economy Class short haul Cabin Staff Service Business Class service efficiency Business Class staff attitude friendliness Premium Economy Class service efficiency Premium Economy Class staff attitude friendliness Economy Class service efficiency Economy Class staff attitude friendliness Responding to Passenger requests Cabin presence through flights Assisting Parents with children Staff Language Skills SWOT ANALYSIS 10.1) STRENGTHS: . LEADING MARKET POSITION: PIA is one of Pakistans leading air carriers, with more than 800 daily flights. Around 150,000 passengers a month fly on PIA, making it one of the major operators in the domestic market in terms of passenger kilometers. PIAs international market share was 43.5%, In the Domestic market, its market share was 69.4%. On a system-wide basis, PIAs market share was 51.2% at the end of year 2007.Its strong market position is driven by consistently low fares as well as reliable service, frequent and convenient flights, use of new technologies like e-ticketing and self check-in terminals, comfortable cabins and superior customer service. BRAND RECOGNITION: PIA has high brand recall. It is recognized by travelers all over the country. PIA is a national airline, operating passenger and cargo services covering eighty-two domestic and foreign. PIA has earned the number one ranking in customer satisfaction. This strong market position gives the company a scale advantage and helps it strengthen its brand image. SUPERIOR OPERATING STRUCTURE: PIA has maintained its position as the low cost carrier. It has been first class Pakistani airline to use the latest technology. Factors contributing consists of different series of Boeing and Airbus and an efficient, high-utilization and point- to-point route structure. Flying one type of aircraft significantly simplifies scheduling, maintenance, flight operations, and training activities. PIA has continually achieved high asset utilization and employee efficiency. Superior operating structure serves as the primary competitive advantage of PIA. NETWORK PRESENCE: PIA enjoys a strong network in key domestic and international destinations. The companys network includes three the major airports in Pakistan, as well as major international airport such as Dubai International Airport. Having a strong network means that PIA can generate traffic feed for both its domestic and international Flights. HUB AIRPORT AT KARACHI: PIA operates from its hub in Jinnah International Airport, Karachi. Jinnah International is one of the worlds busiest airports in terms of number of passengers carried. It is also one of the largest international gateways to Asia. It is also the leading international air passenger (and cargo) gateway to Pakistan. The companys strong presences in airports with heaviest traffic levels in Pakistan give it a competitive advantage. EFFECTIVE USE OF TECHNOLOGY: PIA has successfully incorporated latest technology in all its systems, giving it an edge over competitors. PIA takes credit for introducing most new technologies to the Pakistani market. It was the second carrier in Pakistan to incorporate the c-ticketing system and the second in South Asia to introduce self check in systems at the Jinnah International Airport, Karachi. 10.2) WEAKNESSES: FORMULATION OF GOVT. RULES: The Basic flaw of this organization is its consolidation that is centralized system. The key policies, strategies and set of laws are designed by the upper management. The centralized system is one of the biggest obstacles of long term success of PIA. PIA centralizes structure lead to barrel between different level of management, decreased motivation, hard access to information. HIGH DEPENDENCE ON PASSENGER REVENUES: Passenger revenues accounted for 87 percent of the PIAs total revenue in 2007. Cargo services allow airlines to generate additional revenues from existing passenger flights. In addition, cargo revenues are usually counter cyclical to passenger revenues and have lower demand elasticity than passenger business, which allows airlines to pass on fuel price hikes to customers. DEBT: PIA has a significant amount of 42 billion debts. Current and future debts could have important consequences for stakeholders of the company. For example, debt could impair PIA ability to make investments and obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or general corporate or other purposes. Debts could also put PIA at a competitive disadvantage to competitors that have lesser debt and could also increase the companys vulnerability to interest rate increases. RELIANCE ON OIL PRICES: PIAs sustainability, growth and revenues directly depend on oil prices. A steep rise in oil prices can seriously damage the long term viability of any airline. Recently many airlines around the world went bankrupt due to rising oil prices. Airlines need to hedge against this risk by taking proper measures. OPPORTUNITIES: . HAVING THE MAXIMUM ROUTE AND FLEET: PIA is having the maximum route and fleet domestic and international destinations network in Pakistan as compared to its Competitors. Route and fleet expansion will positively impact the companys operations by increasing revenues. GROWING DEMAND FOR LOW COST AIRLINES: The growing demand for air travel is driven by lower fares and consumer confidence. A survey by International Aviation Authority showed that ticket price is the number one criterion for passengers when selecting a flight, well ahead of the availability of a non-stop service. CUSTOMER LOYALTY: PIAs frequent flyer and loyalty programs can help it retain customers. PIAs Awards+plus (frequent flyer program) was established to develop passenger loyalty by offering awards and services to frequent travelers. Such schemes encourage repeat travel on PIA, as passengers seek to accrue the benefits given to regular travelers. This enables the airline to retain customers and reduce costs, as it does not have to spend money targeting new customers to replace those lost to other airlines. SHIFTING CUSTOMER NEEDS: The needs of air passengers are increasingly changing, as they are becoming more and more price sensitive. If PIA succeeds in making its prices more competitive, then the company will be able to gain significant market share. INDUSTRY RECOVERY: Market analysts believe that the global airline industry will experience an upturn in fortunes over the next few years. This represents an opportunity for PIA, as it could generate increased revenues and command market share if it capitalizes on increases in demand. . THREATS HIGH INTEREST RATES: The past few years have seen State Bank of Pakistan impose high as well as low interest rates to check inflation and the over heating of Pakistani economy. Inflation in Pakistan may see another raise in the short-term. ACCIDENTS: There had been five accidents with PIA listed as below: Pakistan International Airlines Flight PK 705 was a Boeing 720 040 B that crashed while descending to land on Runway 34 at Cairo International Airport on May 20, 1965 resulting in 119 fatalities. Pakistan International Airlines Flight PK740 was a Boeing 707-340C that crashed after takeoff from Jeddah International Airport on November 26, 1979. All 156 aboard were killed. Pakistan International Airlines Flight 268 was an Airbus A300B4-203, registration AP-BCP, which crashed on approach to Kathmandus Tribhuvan International Airport on September 28, 1992. All 167 on board were killed. PIA Flight 554 is the flight number of a Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) Fokker F27 that was hijacked on May 25, 1998. The flight started its journey at Gwadar in Balochistan after originating in Turbat, and was flying to Pakistans southern port city of Karachi. The aircraft was carrying 24 passengers and 5 crew members. Pakistan International Airlines Flight 688 (PK688, PIA688) was scheduled to operate from Multan to Lahore and Islamabad at 12:05 pm on July 10, 2006. It crashed into a field after bursting into flames a few minutes after takeoff from Multan International Airport. All 41 passengers and four crewmembers on board were killed. PIA has to continuously ensure utmost safety and security of its passengers. Accidents can adversely affect customer confidence in PIA and result in declined revenues intensifying competition. STRONG COMPETITION BY AIRBLUE: PIA is now competing against carriers such as Airblue and Shaheen Airline. PIA remains Airblues strongest competitor because of the huge market it has gained over time, strong brand image and customer loyalty. PIA has started new low-fares subsidiary PIA Express to stop the Airblue market share growing to fast. Moreover, major legacy airlines have been focusing on restructuring costs, which has improved their competitiveness. With costs restructured, the legacy airlines are becoming more formidable competitors in terms of increasing capacity, matching prices and leveraging their frequent flier programs. Increasing competition could adversely affect the companys margins. INTEREST AND FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES: Fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates can have a significant impact on PIAs earnings. For example, as PIA is providing its services to the UK. Negative or positive effects arise from exchange rate movements as change in expenses. Strengthening of foreign currencies against the British Pound will positively impact PIA and vice versa. DECLINE IN AIRLINE INDUSTRY: A number of factors have caused the current decline in the airline industry. For example, the threat of further terrorist attacks since September 11 and a fall in the number of business travelers have both caused passenger numbers to fall. These and other factors may continue to affect demand for air travel in the future, which will affect revenues of PIA. The threat of terrorism may discourage people from traveling by air and could especially reduce the number of passengers traveling on international flights. PEST ANALYSIS The macro-environment includes all factors influencing a company that are not within its control. These include political, social, economic and technological factors. These are known as PEST factors. A technique of analysis of the macro environment is PEST analysis. Environmental analysis should be continuous arid precede all aspects of planning. Since the airline industry is very much influenced by changes taking place in the environment and has undergone rapid and dramatic changes during the last decade, this analysis is especially important for PIA. POLITICAL FACTORS: Political factors always have a great influence on the way businesses operate in the airline industry and the spending power of customers. In recent years it has been observed that government played an active role in increasing competition in the airline industry. A number of new airlines such as AirBlue and JS Air have been awarded licenses to enter the domestic market. Pakistan has achieved some political stability in recent years. If the management of PIA believes that the present government will perform well (consistently), then there will be more investment in the form of purchase of new airplanes and latest technology. The over all industry will grow resulting in more luxurious and comfortable flights. With the military takeover government policies have become more liberal. ECONOMIC FACTORS: Currently, Airlines industry has three major players: Pakistan International Airlines, an Airblue, Aero Asia and Shaheen Airlines. Their target market includes domestic travelers as well as Pakistanis living abroad particularly in the UK and USA. These countries have strong economies coupled with high purchasing power. Customers purchase behavior depends very much on prices of the competing airlines as well as services offered. As inflation rate is unstable in Pakistan, spending power of consumers has effected in the long term. In fact growth in Pakistani economy has resulted in an increase in spending power and has positively impacted the airline industry. Economically, the new millennium has been highly volatile; the September 11 attacks revolutionized the whole world. Consequently, there was a global depression in the North America, South America, Australia and Europe. However, in Asia especially Pakistan the effect in the short term was otherwise. The economy began to boom because of greater remittances from abroad and whole sum immigration by expatriates. As a result, demand for air travel in South Asia rose. Economic conditions of Pakistan are however improving. PIA has cost a advantage over its competitors because of its newly acquired, improved, long distance aircrafts from Boeing which give longer range and better fuel economy than any other jet currently produced. This cost advantage is a barrier to entry for new firms. However, this cost advantage will not be significant on domestic routes. SOCIAL FACTORS: The social arid cultural influences on business vary from country to country. The social structure of Pakistan is closely tied. The trend is now changing as the general public is educated and is pursuing professional goals. Customers are more aware of market conditions and available options and want to get best value for their money. They spend considerable time and money on entertainment hence increasing the need of in-flight entertainment systems. Also, word of mouth has a significant impact in the use of airline services. Hajj attracts a huge number of customers. The social environment of Pakistan is turning liberal with the new regime. The initiative to automate check-in and ticket booking process might not be very popular with the general public (even educated population) is still technology averse. E-ticketing might also face significant challenges as consumers are generally reluctant to provide their credit cards information over the phone and the internet. The consumers, however, have a warm reaction to the prospect of less costly but quality service flights. vi) TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS: Technology is vital for competitive advantage and is a major driver of the airlines industry. Major technological changes are taking place in the airlines industry with innovations in the reservations and booking systems. In-flight entertainment systems and auto check in counters are two examples of such innovations. Internet plays a key role in e-ticketing as consumer can easily reserve tickets or check the status of the flight. A key issue will be the extent, to which technological advancements (such as Internet) impact distribution and cost synergies from industry consolidation, can offset upward pressures on costs. PIA has always led the path of technological innovations by introducing new technologies ahead of its competitors such as its auto check-in counters which has helped it gain market share. It was the first airline in Pakistan to install Sabre system followed by the market leader. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES Decentralization: PIA should decentralize its structure that would lead to the easy management, increased motivation, easy access to information and resolution of the conflicts (as they would be resolved by the immediate manger time span would then reduced). Since employees issues regarding their behavior would lessen, so it would ultimately lead to more satisfied employees that would result in enhanced productivity of the organization. Strategic Business Unit: PIA should make its different departments into Strategic Business Unit. Every SBU should have a defined business strategy and a manager with sales and profit responsibility. As PIA is a large organization, so it must be convert into SBUs.Different factors should be determined for the success of SBUs which as follows. The degree of autonomy given to each SBU manager. The degree to which an SBU shares functional programs and facilities with other SBUs The manner in which the corporation evaluates and rewards the performance of its SBU managers Transparent policy adoption: PIA should adopt transparent policy that employees should be promoted on merit basis. And Chairman of PIA should be appointed from with in the organization. Union should support it, it will motivate the employees and PIA will grow in profit. PIA should not induct new employees till the time they are needed on the basis of my personal observation at Rawalpindi station I have seen that a task which can be performed by person PIA had 3 employees for that.PIA should give bonus to the industrious and competent employees. Employee Empowerment: PIA should make efforts towards empowering the employees that is going to lead to more employee participation in the decision making process and also result in more employee satisfaction and enhanced motivation. Apart from this, employees would feel more independent to discuss the issues explicitly without hesitation. This would also enhance team work process at PIA as quality team and cross-functional teams. The employees will work with more commitment and dedication and every employee would work to his/her fullest due to increased motivation. <

Comparison John Updikes AP and Timothy OBreins How to Tell a True War S

Comparison John Updikes AP and Timothy OBreins How to Tell a True War Story Although the short stories, â€Å"A&P,† by John Updike, and â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story,† by Timothy O’Brien, are both written in the technique of first person narrative, the two stories are conveyed to the reader in very different styles. John Updike, who was 29 at the time when he wrote â€Å"A & P,† narrates his story from the point of view of a 19 year old boy. The narration of the story of â€Å"A & P† illustrates the scene of the grocery store in which the teenage boy, Sammy, is a cashier who witnesses everything that goes on during the day. The store is a theater, having numerous skits taking place throughout the day with no script. Sammy is in the audience where he came only observe the acts to make up his own story and narrate the scene to others. Every important detail is observed through Sammy’s eyes and is expressed in the narration of his story of the A & P grocery store. Sammy sets the scene of a sunny, summer beach day in which three young girls dressed in nothing but bathing suits enter the store to buy some snacks for their day in the sand. Sammy is deeply intrigued by the girls and watches every move they make while ringing in other customers at the store. The girls parade through the isles as if they are putting on a show, just for Sammy. This is Sammy’s first live â€Å"girlie show† and he doesn't want to miss one single detail. Sammy expresses his excitement and fondness of one particular girl as he conveys the details of the one scene: She has on a kind of dirty-pink -- beige maybe, I don’t know -- bathing suit with a little nubble all over it and, what got me, the straps were down. They were a little off her shoulders... ... voices in the story, one for the part telling the actual war story to the other soldier, and one telling the whole story to the reader; war story and it’s reasons. The paragraph following the descriptive tale of his two buddies fooling around with the smoke grenades suggests this theory. In any war story, but especially a true one, it’s difficult to separate what happened from what seemed to happen. What seems to happen becomes it’s own happening and has to be told that way...The story as a whole was written to share with the soldiers who were there with the added tips guidelines to help them tell their own â€Å"true war stories,† and have them be remembered, as well as believed. The graphical depiction of the story is for the fortunate who were not present at the time of the war, who should always be reminded through out time how horrible and unnecessary war is.

Musical Analysis; Comparing ‘Tonight’ with ‘Maria’; West Side Story.

Comparing Tonight with Maria (Both from ‘West side story’) (Tonight also known as balcony scene – Tony and Maria sing together. Maria – sang by Tony. ) The piece ‘Tonight’ begins in B maj; it opens with Tony stating â€Å"the most beautiful sound I ever heard† this is sang in a very recitative style; mainly monotone (D) – rubato. This makes his words seem the prominent element – stressing the drama. The gentile bassoon plays a descending line – while the horn plays a simplified version ~ this ‘decent’ becomes a theme in Tony and Maria’s relationship. It also plunges Toney into a dream world. This opening line leads swiftly on to the theme of ‘Maria’. Throughout the song there are many variations on ‘Maria’ – however the first time (bar 28) a perfect 4th is used between the ‘Ma + ‘ri’; the ‘a’ is a dissonant – yet is warmed by the sound of the horn (emphasising the ri-a). The instrumentation is thin here- mainly heterophonic , working with the triplets which diminish the rhythm and increase the tension. In bar 4; the ‘a’ of Maria is resolved on to a D (rather than an E) – this is a descending min 3rd, however the oboe doesn’t resolve- this creates anticipation and leads the music on demonstrating that the song is to grow- reflecting Tony’s feelings for Maria- yet clashing slightly and creating an element of pain- foreshadowing the ‘later’ tragedy. From bar 8, on to bar 9; After the sequential transformation ‘up a tone’ in bar 8 the music changes again as if onto an ‘Aria’ section. It does so on the ‘Ma’ to the ‘ri’ – The ‘ri’ is sang on an A natural (appoggatura) –making a dim 5th. The instrumentation thickens here, timps and double bass are also added , the bass plays pizz, and its rhythm goes slightly Latin – similar to much of the dance music throughout the musical – and all this creates a colourful image in the listeners head – reflecting the image of Maria in Tony’s head. Bar 15; Instrumentation thickens here as the clarinets, Horns, and trumpets are added, as the music progresses, bar 17; the oboes are added. In bars 18 and 19 there are two descending lines linking and building up to the 6th variation of ‘Maria’; the flute is added in bar 19, and the trombones are added in bar 20. Full orchestration on the 6th variation of Maria; this variation of Maria is a descending phrase, as it moves down a tone each time: Also rhythmically augmented. Middle syllable is an appoggiatura. {draw:frame} The phrase continues to descend with â€Å"say it loud and there’s music playing†. There is also a diminuendo in bar 23 and the violins take on a more prominent role – this makes the music seem more romantic and soft, Bernstein has used word painting here as Tony describes Maria’s name as soft â€Å"almost like praying†, plus on the word ‘praying’ there’s a per5th. In bar 28, the 6th in-between the ‘ri +a’ _(like the 1st version of Maria, but last note turned upside down)_ becomes a countermelody, the theme is played in the contrabass; this constant repeat of ‘Maria’ demonstrates Tony’s worship for her. In bar 48, the theme is demonstrated in thicker texture again – it leads to an operatic recitative style line from Tony ppp (while the accompaniment is simply semibreves) far from the ‘Latin style dance atmosphere’ demonstrated previously. {draw:frame} Finally in Bar 51 there is one more variation of ‘Maria’ – reminiscent of the first version – but with a per5th (ma-ri), the ‘a’(G) is held for about the last two bars; underneath this, an Eb is held making the ‘a’ sound like a discord. This creates a certain pain about the last note – foreshadowing future events, suggesting that its all going to end with pain. The balcony scene also begins in Bmaj – and opens with a descending line, reminiscent of ‘Maria’ – linking the two songs and making the ‘descending line’ a theme in their relationship. In bar 3 the theme from Maria is echoed in the violins. This opening piece of music (1-29) is very important; it acts as an underscore – reminiscing previous songs, as it gently continues and goes through many temporary modulations. In Bar 30 the vocals begin; (Only Maria sings) the instrumentation is thin – with violins holding sustained notes creating a tense, hesitant yet romantic atmosphere. The descending line theme ‘augmented’ in the bass. The tempo is marked as andantino, little faster – as the tension increases. All this forces the vocal melody to be exposed, (making the soloistmore important) demonstrating their vulnerability and innocence. At bar 32 a contrabass is added, marked pizz, – this adds an amazing gently pulsating, heartbeat rhythmical effect – creating much excitement; reflecting their emoticons. draw:frame} The vocal melody is still very exposed and prominent as it rises above the accompaniment in broken chords. In bar 37 Tony sings alone, as he says â€Å"Maria† there is a perfect5th between the ‘Ma-ri’ like the actual song, ‘Maria’ – again linking the two songs. Maria then sings solo, for one bar only, she re peats his name twice – echoing his actions, this makes the duet seem more conversational – enhancing the drama. Bar 42; Allegretto – always a little faster, the heart beat rhythm is still present – retaining the excited and heightened emoticons.

American novel Essay

Inspiration is something that some people have difficulty finding, whether to write the great American novel or simply to get out of bed in the morning. Creative inspiration is much more delicate a subject, as when one does not feel the desire to create, the product most often suffers greatly. However, for me, creative inspiration comes from almost everywhere I look, as long as I manage to see beauty before me, and luckily, the world is a beautiful place. Beauty is truly everywhere; it can be in a sunset, a work of art, or in a masterpiece of architecture. There is manmade beauty and natural beauty, and both have unique appeals that inspire to humans in many different ways, including creatively. Along with the millions of writers, painters, and poets that came before me, I find creative inspiration in noticing the beauty of things, no matter how common or rare. I can also find beauty amidst things that are ugly, if anything gaining an increased appreciation for the beautiful moments of peace and lightness. No matter how much I suffer or observe suffering, it is easy for me to remember that life is indeed beautiful, and this often inspires me to continue creating beauty of my own. Human physical beauty is also something that inspires me creatively. It is impossible to deny that certain men and women are not beautiful, for a perfect face and body attracts many people from all around; however like the old adage that beauty is in the eye of the beholder, everyone else may not universally agree upon the external and physical beauty of these people. Some people make think blonds are beautiful, while others prefer brunettes; some people may like blue eyes, while others only find brown beautiful. This shows the subjective nature of beauty, which begs the question as to whether this beauty is significant at all or merely a matter of taste. However, like the beauty of Helen of Troy, legendary and often referenced in all arts, beautiful people inspire me to create. But, while physical beauty can inspire me to create, it is most often the beauty I find within people and myself that most inspires me. I believe the greatest and most inspiration beauty in life comes from within; and this kind of beauty can be achieved by everyone without pills, painful operations, or costly beauty treatments. I have learned not to put too much stock in the media’s representation of beauty, because I feel it robs from the more significant beauty that can be achieved in society when people think of each other and treat each other with equal respect and consideration. I do my best to live by the golden rule, and find situations the most beautiful when others do the same. I feel that many of the popular conceptions of beauty are based on half-truths and blatant deceptions, encouraging people to hide their flaws rather than love themselves. For me, honesty is beautiful and inspirational, and I try always to be honest, and subsequently inspired. Life is beautiful enough without having to worry about perfecting physical attributes, and the truth is that aesthetic beauty is not nearly as lasting or inspirational as emotional, spiritual, and mental beauty. These are the kinds of beauty to which I aspire and have successfully managed to cultivate in my efforts to harness creative inspiration. While beauty may truly be in the eye of the beholder, I feel confident in my own beauty because I treat everything in life as it is: beautiful. From this view, it is easy for me to find creative inspiration in just about everything I see, hear, and feel. I find joy and inspiration in everything, and I try to make everyone share in the beauty that I possess and inspiration I find, hoping that they can also create his or her own. I try to be truthful in all regards, and try never to feel insecure that my beliefs in my own beauty are false. I refuse to adopt the media’s perception of beauty, and prefer to find my own conceptions in what I see is true beauty: generosity, compassion, and joy. All I have to do is sit back for a moment, reflect on the wonders of existence, and I will inevitably be convinced of the beauty of life, and subsequently inspired to create some of my own. For me, this is the truth, and like the words of John Keats, â€Å"Beauty is truth, truth beauty,—that is all/ Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know† (Keats, 1901). For me, beauty is truth, and truth is inspiring. REFERENCES Keats, J. (1901/1999). Ode to a Grecian Urn. The Oxford Book of English Verse. Ed. Quiller- Couch, Arthur Thomas, Sir. Bartleby. com. 31 Jul 2008. .

010 Intro to Report and Quoting Professor Ramos Blog

010 Intro to Report and Quoting Reflection Reflection Reflect on the writing process for your first essay. Answer these questions: What did you do well in your essay? What are the strengths and weaknesses of your essay? Where did you struggle, if at all? Intro to Report Reports are as diverse as all the classes you will take. You can write a report on a lab experiment, conduct interviews and assemble into a report, and even research a topic and publish it for the benefit of everyone. Reports are a genre that you may be familiar with but not know it. Reports are what we have done since elementary school. Reports are produced by government organizations, websites, companies, universities, and even individual students like yourselves. A report can answer a question, explore a topic, review what is already known about a subject, or report new knowledge, to name a few. There are a few qualities that a report usually has: Presents information Uses reliable sources Aims for objectivity Information is clear and well structured For this assignment, I want you to choose a topic that interests you and you want to learn more about. It can be related to your major, future or current career, something you are familiar with, or something you want to know more about. You can research a problem that you want to know more about. We will learn to research the library databases in order to find reliable sources of information. Subgenres of Report The report can be in any style or format that you think best suits it. If you choose to do a PowerPoint, that is your report. You do not need to write a separate report, the PowerPoint should have all the information on it. Here is a list of possible choices: Research Report –What it takes to be a teacher Visual Essay PowerPoint –  Mexican-American Report Wikipedia  style entry Featured Article  in Newspaper Infographic,  Torture,  Very Infographic Other, cleared by Professor The Conversation Review We spent the first couple of weeks talking about the conversation. What was the ongoing conversation?  How is it connected to a report? Brainstorming Let us brainstorm some ideas. We first need to choose a topic to write about. Build from lists Mapping ideas Freewriting Memory Prompts Search online for ideas Come up with at least two ideas that you want to write about. They can be general now, they will become more focused as you begin the research. Quick Write What two topics are you considering for your report? List the topics you came up with in class. The Art of Quoting Chapter 3, introduces us to the art of quoting. It warns that quoting too little or too much can hurt an argument. It is very important to frame all quotations. According to the book, what is the purpose of a citation? When is the use of a citation appropriate? The article warns about quoting too little or quoting too much. Do not assume the quotations speak for themselves. Two key ways to integrate quotations that you need to keep in mind. Choose quotations wisely Surround quotations in a frame, Quote Sanwich Quote Sandwich Introduce the quotation p. 46 Quote, relevant Explain Quotation p. 47 Claims China  is the largest nation in the world. A McDonald’s  Big Mac ®Ã‚  has 550 calories. Why do these need support? Where can you find it? Practice Use a quote from the article in a quotation sandwich.