Possessive Pronoun Definition and Examples in Grammar

A possessive pronoun is a  pronoun that can take the place of a noun phrase to show ownership (as in This phone is mine). The weak possessives (also called possessive determiners) function as determiners  in front of nouns  (as in My phone is broken). The weak possessives are my, your, his, her, its, our, and their. In contrast, the strong (or absolute) possessive pronouns stand on their own: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, and theirs. The strong possessive is a type of independent genitive. A possessive pronoun never takes an apostrophe. Examples and Observations We were both work-study kids with University jobs. Hers was in the library; mine was in the Commons cafeteria.​(Stephen King, Joyland. Titan Books, 2013)Go on, get inside the TARDIS. Oh, never given you a key? Keep that. Go on, that’s yours. Quite a big moment really!(The Doctor to Donna in The Poison Sky. Doctor Who, 2005)Ours is an age of relentless testing, corrupted by cooked or deceitful results and widespread cheating scandals.(Joseph Featherstone, Tested. The Nation, February 17, 2014)Mine is a long and sad tale! said the Mouse, turning to Alice, and sighing.It is a long tail, certainly, said Alice, looking down with wonder at the Mouses tail; but why do you call it sad?(Lewis Carroll, Alices Adventures in Wonderland)She underlines passages in my Bible because she cant find hers.(Ned in The War of the Simpsons. The Simpsons, 1991)Woman must have her freedom—the fundamental freedom of choosing whether or not she shall be a mother and how many children she w ill have. Regardless of what mans attitude may be, that problem is hers—and before it can be his, it is hers alone.(Margaret Sanger, Woman and the New Race, 1920)Its really hard to be roommates with people if your suitcases are much better than theirs.(J.D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, 1951)Those who restrain desire, do so because theirs is weak enough to be restrained.(William Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, 1790-1793) Possessive Pronouns vs. Possessive Determiners The possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, etc.) are like possessive determiners, except that they constitute a whole noun phrase. The house will be  hers  you see when they are properly divorced.Writers have produced extraordinary work in conditions more oppressive than  mine. Possessive pronouns are typically used when the head noun can be found in the preceding context; thus in 1, hers means her house, and in 2, mine means my conditions. Here the possessive pronoun is parallel to the elliptic use of the genitive. (D. Biber, S. Conrad, and G. Leech, Longman Student Grammar of Student and Written English. Pearson, 2002) [The] construction with the possessive pronoun [e.g. a friend of mine] differs from the alternative of possessive determiner noun (e.g. my friend) mainly in that it is more indefinite. The sentences in (30) below illustrates this point. (30) a. You know John? A friend of his told me that the food served at that restaurant is awful.(30) b. You know John? His friend told me that the food served at that restaurant is awful. The construction with the possessive pronoun, in (30a), can be used if the speaker hasnt specified and doesnt need to specify the identity of the friend. In contrast, the construction with the possessive determiner, in (30b), implies that the speaker and listener both know what friend is intended.(Ron Cowan, The Teachers Grammar of English: A Course Book and Reference Guide. Cambridge University Press, 2008) Punctuation With Possessive Pronouns The words hers, ours, theirs, and yours are sometimes termed absolute or independent possessives because they occur when no noun follows. No apostrophe appears in these words, which are often in the predicate [the house was ours] [the fault was theirs]. Sometimes, though, they can occur as subjects [hers was a gift that anyone would envy]. (Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press, 2009) The Lighter Side of Possessive Pronouns: An Irish Toast Heres to you and yours  and to mine and ours,And if mine and ours ever come across you and yours,I hope you and yours will do as much for mine and oursAs mine and ours have done for you and yours!

Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Poem Passage From The Text ...

Letter 1 Page #(s) Passage from the text Insights Questions 1 You will rejoice to hear that no disaster has accompanied the commencement of an enterprise which you have regarded with such evil forebodings. I arrived here yesterday, and my first task is to assure my dear sister of my welfare and increasing confidence in the success of my undertaking. (E) Mary Shelley is trying to express how Robert’s journey was unapproved by his sister because she had thought poorly of the enterprise. It seems the author is using foreshadowing to hint at the coming of danger to the captain of the ship. 2 These volumes were my study day and night, and my familiarity with them increased that regret which I had felt, as a child, on learning that my father s dying injunction had forbidden my uncle to allow me to embark in a seafaring life. (Q) R. Walton’s father had restricted his uncle for R.Walton to forbid on a seafaring life but what had caused the father to cause such a restriction to his son’s life. 3 And now, dear Margaret, do I not deserve to accomplish some great purpose? (R)This passage had caused me to reflect that human nature is one that inspires achievement. R.Waltons shows this through his determination on achieving a great task. 1 But supposing all these conjectures to be false, you cannot contest the inestimable benefit which I shall confer on all mankind, to the last generation, by discovering a passage near the pole to those countries, to reach which at present so manyShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Gothic Genre and What it Entails6177 Words   |  25 Pagesis often said that one of the unifying features of Romanticism is its intentional political relevance. Much of the canonical Romantic literature is inspired or informed by socio-political events. We need only look at Blakes work or key poems by second generation Romantics like Shelleys Ode to the West Wind or The Mask of Anarchy to verify this. The same is true of Romantic Gothic which arose around that unique period in European history posthumously defined by theRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagescultural and critical theory library Open source archive of ebooks, texts, videos, documentary films and podcasts Pages * Home * List of major critical theorists * What is Critical theory ? * What is Frankfurt School ? * Support Critical Theory Library * Contact This Blog This Blog  Ã‚  Ã‚   |    | ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form    Home  » texts  » History amp; Class Consciousness: Preface by Georg Lukà ¡cs (1923) Thursday, February 3, 2011Read MoreCause and Impact Analysis on the Main Character’s Suffering in Elizabeth Gilbert’s Novel Eat, Pray, Love7348 Words   |  30 Pageshidden. The appreciation of literary work was always stand by special attitude such as how to interpret, characterized and evaluate. Literature could not be separated from language because literature was language used at the best. Language was the medium of literature and the only purpose of language communicated something from the person to another. Language was also connection of literary work. As the connection of literary works signed to system which connected of a works of literature, an authorRead MoreInterpretation of the Text13649 Words   |  55 Pagesan expression of beliefs and values of a particular class. We can also see a work of literature as a selfcontained structure of words - as writing that calls attention to itself, to its own images and forms. Viewed in this light, literature differs from other kinds of writing - expressive, persuasive, and expository. Expressive writing aims to articulate the feelings of the writer; persuasive writing seeks co influence the reader; expository writing tries to explain the outer world. By contrast, a

Green Roof Free Essays

string(156) " A study conducted by Environment Canada found a 26% reduction in summer cooling needs and a 26% reduction in winter heat losses when a green roof is used\." Many people don’t know what green roof is. So, what it is? A green roof is not a surface painted green, it is a living surface of plants growing in a soil layer on top of the roof. A thinner or thicker soil layer is spread over the roof membrane itself, sometimes with a protective root barrier, often with a drainage layer underneath. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Roof or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the substrate, draught-tolerant species of plants are grown. Roof vegetation like this one doesn’t at all damage the waterproofing membrane of the roof. In fact it protects it from the uv-light which does damage the membrane over time. There are two types of green roofs: extensive and intensive. There are some differences of its. An extensive roof has very thin soil layers, draught tolerant plants and requires little or almost no maintenance. The limitation here is in the choice of plants. Extensive roof can be established on a very thin layer of soil. An intensive roof garden has much thicker soil layers, and can look like an ordinary garden, with trees and shrubs. Intensive roofs are more park-like with easy access and may include anything from kitchen herbs to shrubs and small trees. This of course needs as much maintenance as a garden does, and can only be constructed on a roof that can bear heavy loads. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It doesn’t matter what type roof is, but construction is a similar. Construction includes drainage materials, plant materials and establishment methods. For each green roof project, different site conditions and your aims and motives will govern the choice of materials and establishment methods. Therefore, if you are planning to build a green roof, consider the following two sections carefully. There are some roof sections which are important. First is a waterproofing. The membrane is made waterproof, and it will stay waterproof unless it gets physically damaged or aged. What ages a bitumen membrane is mainly uv-light and temperature extremes. Unless the roof membrane is damaged while laying the green roof, the soil and vegetation cover protects the membrane from these types of injuries later. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=32sub=19) Second section is root barrier. The asphalt waterproofing itself is not classified as root resistant and had to be reinforced with a root barrier. This barrier consists of rubberized asphalt enforced with polyester and treated eight a root-repelling agent. There are also synthetic waterproofing membranes (like PVC liners) available that are root resistant and do not require an additional root barrier. Different countries have different building practices and rules for green roofs – and many countries have no rules at all yet. In Germany, for example, a root barrier is always laid under a green roof. This is to ensure that no roots can damage the waterproofing. A root barrier is sometimes incorporated in the drainage layer. It can be chemical and poisonous to plants, or it can be a thin copper sheet, or rubber sealed so as to avoid seams. If your motive for having a green roof is sustainability and ecological consciousness, it’s a good idea to ask your contractor about the method. In Sweden, the usual practice is that under extensive roof vegetation (2 – 5 cm soil), where only sedums and moss can survive, an extra root barrier is not considered necessary, since the sedums used have weak roots, and moss has no roots at all. When the soil layer is thicker, and therefore can hold more water, other plants grow there, and there is a risk of getting weeds with more penetrative roots. Second layer is insulation. Insulation boards can be made from extruded polystyrene which has high water resistance and compressive strength. The main difference from the old roof is that the insulation layer must be places above the waterproofing membrane, but on the new roofs insulation must be located below the waterproofing. Second, but not less important, is drainage. The main reason for using a drainage layer is that if a lot of water drains off along the surface of the soil, this will cause erosion. The second reason, is that for roofs which are almost flat, too much water would remain on the roof, forming puddles. Especially sedum vegetation is adapted to dry conditions, and tends to rot if submerged. Besides, too much water available can lead to unwanted plants establishing on the roof. Another function of the drainage materials that are often used is to store some amount of water. This effect becomes more and more important the drier the conditions on the roof are, due to climate, a steeper slope or other conditions on the roof. Drainage materials used in green roofs include natural materials, recycled materials and manufactured drainage mats. (â€Å"Green roof systems† Susan K. Weiler, Katrin Scolz-Barth) And finally, the top layer is growing medium with plants. The growing medium provides nutrients and structure for the roots to anchor in. the proprietary mixes of the manufacturer consist of a lightweight aggregate, expanded shale, and some compost. The organic components make up about three to six percent of the shallow planting areas. The mix for deeper planting areas has slightly more organics. This mix is also heavier and allows a higher water-holding capacity in order to support the larger plants of these areas. In conclusion, one has to realize that there is no cookie cutter approach when it comes to the design of a green roof section. Though certain layers are always present – waterproofing, root barrier, insulation, protection layer, drainage layer, growing medium – their actual composition varies widely responding to a particular situation. â€Å"Green roof – a case study† Christian Werthmann) Green roofs have many advantages. One is a cooling effect. It is very useful effect for individual houses at summer time. A black bitumen roof easily reaches temperatures of 80 ° Celsius in the summer. When a soil layer and the shading plants protect the roof, the surface temperature usually doesnâ₠¬â„¢t rise above the surrounding air temperature. A study conducted by Environment Canada found a 26% reduction in summer cooling needs and a 26% reduction in winter heat losses when a green roof is used. You read "Green Roof" in category "Papers" In addition to this, the plants and soil evaporate water, creating a cooling effect, and a moister air, more comfortable to breathe. Cooling effect is useful at summer, but at winter there is another green roof feature – insulation. The soil layer provides an additional insulation. In warmer climates a green roof especially the versions with thicker soil layer, can make a difference in the heating required in the building. Life expectancy of the root membrane is also important. The waterproofing of the roof, for example bitumen, has a normal life expectancy of 25 years. After that it needs replacing. The reasons are that the uv-light from the sun makes the surface brittle, and then the expansion and shrinking caused by the fluctuations in temperature, together with the loss of elasticity, causes cracks to form in the membrane. The high temperatures in themselves, above 60 ° Celsius, age the membrane. The green roof protects the waterproofing from both the uv-light and the temperature extremes, increasing the life expectancy of the membrane to at least 60 years. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) One of the most important effects of green roofs in the cities is their potential for retaining and delaying rainwater during storms. The gutters and sewers in the city have to be big enough to cope with the amounts of water that falls during extreme storm events. As more and more surfaces in the built up areas are made hard and impermeable, less water can percolate naturally into the soil. This means that the sewers and treatment plants get higher and higher loads. For the water treatment plant this can be a great problem, since they take care of sewage as well as rainwater. If the sewage gets very diluted by a heavy rain, the sensitive chemical and microbiological processes are disturbed. Getting the balance back costs time and money, and in the meantime, sewage is less completely cleaned. Also, the treatment plants cannot store unlimited amounts of water, so during extreme rains, they are forced to let completely untreated water to the natural waters. The more rain water that is taken care of locally, the less often we will have to face these polluting events. (http://progressivetimes. wordpress. om/2010/10/04/one-roof-two-roofs-green-roofs-blue-roofs/) There are some effects which are interesting. The heat island effect. This is the effect that makes cities reach a higher average temperature than the countryside around them. The large amount of stone, asphalt and concrete in the towns and cities that absorb the heat from the sun in the daytime, and release it at night. An additional cause is the lack of trees and other vegetation. The night time tempe rature rises, and in the summer people suffers from sleeplessness. The cost of air condition goes up. Green roofs can protect from noise and electromagnetic radiation. Thick layers and plants can reduce noise in the outdoor environment and green roofs can reduce the electromagnetic radiation that enters a building to a great extent. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) The most important problem in big cities is pollution. Green roof vegetation, as well as other vegetation, use CO2 for their respiration, and therefore reduce the negative effects of pollution. Best are highly productive plants, which in a year can produce a lot of biomass. An extensive green roof does not produce very much, but intensive ones could. In this case, it might be a question of a small extra advantage, when large surfaces of the cities rooftops are used for vegetation. This is not a method that can be used as an only solution to the problems of pollution and global warming, but together with all the other beneficial effects of green roofs, it is a small step in the right direction. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) Green roofs also provide habitats for plants, insects, and animals that otherwise have limited natural space in cities. In modern city planning, â€Å"green corridors† are planned into the cities, where parks and waterways can connect the city with the surrounding countryside, and get humans in closer contact with nature. In the places where there isn’t enough ground space for green space, the green corridors, and the habitats for animals don’t have to be discontinued, if the flat roofs are used. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) Thus green roof save materials, energy and money, produce less waste, can protect from negative cities impact and what is the most important – is environmental friendly. However, green roof has some disadvantages. Weight is problematical field. A thin extensive green roof of the type widely used weighs about 50 kg/m2 when saturated with water. Lighter versions are available, that uses rock wool as substrate instead of soil, which gives a weight of about 35 kg/m2. Compare that to tiles that weigh 33 – 37 kg /m2, depending on the type. If you live in a region where you can expect snow, then weight has to be reckoned as well. So some buildings, especially old buildings, cannot be retrofitted with certain kinds of green roof because of the weight load of the substrate and vegetation exceeds permitted static loading. Depending on what kind of green roof it is, the maintenance costs could be higher. Cost is the main reason why people didn’t want green roofs. Properly designed and -installed systems include root barriers. It is true that installing adequate waterproofing systems and root barriers automatically can increase the initial cost of the roof. A properly designed and installed green-roof system can cost 15 to 20 dollars per square foot as a total cost, not including the roof’s waterproof layers. In Europe, a well-designed and professionally installed fully integrated green roof can cost anywhere between 100 to 200 euros per square meter, depending on the kind of roof, the building structure, and which plants are used. Despite of that, I think that green roofs have more advantages than disadvantages. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It is clear that living green roofs and landscapes over structure are not a panacea for ameliorating the negative environmental impacts resulting from increased development or the loss of open space. They cannot and will not replace our forests and prairies, will nor remediate the degradation of all stream corridors, and will not stop global warming by themselves. However, green roofs and landscapes over structure can act buffers to mitigate the impacts of unbridled and unplanned urban growth and development. Reducing building roofs generates less storm water runoff, reduces the heat gain that affects our indoor and outdoor environments, and mitigates the continued degradation of air and water quality. Green roofs provide additional usable, confortable open space. How to cite Green Roof, Papers

Impact of Privatization on the Economy of Abu Dhabi †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Privatization on the Economy of Abu Dhabi. Answer: Research Questions The current is a research work focused on examining the impact of privatization on the economy of Abu Dhabi. The research will explore the various aspects of privatization on the economy of Abu Dhabi. The research question for the current research can be framed as: What is the extent of privatization in Abu Dhabi? What are the effects of privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy? What economic issues have been created with the privatization of Abu Dhabi Economy? Relevant Literature In the perspective of Whitfield (2016) most of the major and the leading economies of the world have a quest for the economic growth. Several economies have pursued the population control, human capital investment and obtaining financial aids as a replacement for the economic growth. However, the economic crisis has not been able to be addressed by any of the following factors. In addition to it, several factors such as the investment, technological innovation and education have been critical in creating a fundamental change in the economic structure of the countries. According to Powell, Miller (2014) the privatization can be defined as the method of reallocation of the assets and business control from the private entities to the public enterprises. Privatization has been adopted by majority of the countries of the world and is rapidly spreading to different parts of the world. Privatization brings radical changes in the economic structure as it formalizes and established property rights and creates incentives for the individuals which motivate them to work harder. Innes, A. (2017) has discussed that privatization leads to the development of free market economy which is dependent upon specific property rights of the people. It encourages large number of low-cost exchange which increases specialization and enhances economic productivity. Otten, J. M. (2015) has stated that the privatization increases the efficiency as it solves the extreme problems in the business environment. The engaged parties examines a business situation with the cost-benefit analysis and obtain the best-fit solution. A large number of governments are also pursuing privatization strategy, because of the notion that the government is overloaded with work and they cannot handle efficient organizations as they consists of several layers of bureaucracy. The private sector also responds quickly to the market demands whereas the public sector is not driven by the financial incentives or the external market conditions. The privatization can also have a positive impact on the fiscal situation of a country. The privatization is used to finance the government expenditures and pay off the future debts. In addition, it can also be used for paying off a portion of the governments debts so that interest rates of the existing investments can be reduced. Li Xu (2002) have stated that the government can reduce the total expenditure by increasing privatization. In addition, the government can also begin collecting taxes from the private business enterprises. It can also reduce the process of over-borrowing and increase in the national debt. Privatization has numerous benefits. It gives ownership to large number of population which establishes their property rights; the individuals become more motivated towards work and invest in their enterprises. There are several modes of privatization, and the selection of a particular mode is dependent upon the political ideology of the government. The most common method of privatization is selling the state-owned enterprises to the private organizations. The government needs to decide which institutions will be privatized and the private buyers can buy the shares of these companies. It can generate revenue for the government and these organizations can get restructured with the help of these investors. nis (2011) has stated that voucher privatization is another method of privatization wherein the government sells some vouchers to the investors and these vouchers can be exchanged for other institutions being privatized. It consolidates the privatization process and diversifies the r isks to the citizens. Internal privatization is another method of privatization in which the employees or themanagement buys out the shares of the state-owned enterprise. The enterprises are sold to the managers who are familiar with the firm and its infrastructure; however, this method creates minimal revenue for the government. According to Etemad, Denicolai, Hagen Zucchellla (2016), in Dubai, there is Abu Dhabi investment council which focuses on diversifying the economy by suggesting the government to divest and create globally diversified portfolio. The privatization process has been beneficial in Abu Dhabi as it has resulted in better access to health care and education sector. The public-private partnership has been the first step towards privatization in Abu Dhabi. Currently, most of the development projects in Abu Dhabi have been handled with the help of world-class partnership between the private and the public entities. Although private organizations have started operating in Abu Dhabi, the inclination of the people towards private organization is less. Today, most of the workers in these organizations are foreign workers. The government needs to create appropriate opportunities in the private sector so that the human resource issue in these organizations can be resolved (Schwab, 2010). Methodology The research methodology is an integral part of the research process. It refers to the process of selection of different methods for the research (Bernard Russell, and Ryan, Gery 2010). The research methodology presents an outline of the entire research process and guides the researcher regarding the direction of the research study. The research process requires the application of various research methods, philosophies, and research design and research approach. There are two types of research philosophies, namely, positivism and interpretivism (Creswell, 2013). In the positivism research paradigm, the researcher is considered different from the research process. The personal perception and belief of the researcher should not impact on the research outcomes. Interpretivism is another research paradigm which states that the researcher is a part of the research process (Bui, 2013). According to this paradigm, the viewpoint of the researcher impacts on the research process. In the prese nt research, the positivism research paradigm has been used (Creswell and Clark, 2011). Along with it, the deductive research approach has been used in the research. As per this research approach, the research begins with a hypothesis or research question and the process validates it. In contrast to it, the inductive research approach is more open-ended (Kaar, 2009). It is focused on obtaining some new information related to the research subject. The deductive research approach is used with the quantitative research methods (Kasi, 2009). These research methods obtain information which is quantifiable or can be analyzed through statistical methods. The quantitative research methods are used to verify some previous theory or to establish correlation between two variables. This method is commonly used in the research process due to its accurate results and ease. The researcher can also adopt qualitative research methods. Interviews and case studies are the common example of the qualitative research process (Onwuegbuzie Frels,2016). The qualitative research methods are foc used to find some new or novel information related to the research subject. They are commonly used in the social research and used for explaining or understanding some social phenomenon (Saunders, 2011). In the present research, the method of survey will be used. The survey questionnaire will comprise of fifteen questions. The questions will be related to the impact of privatization on Abu Dhabi economy. The participation in the survey will be on the pure voluntary basis. The executives and the business managers at different positions will be asked to participate in the survey process. Initially, a consent form will be sent to the research participants (Stebbins, 2001). The participants who agree to the research will be sent the actual research questionnaire. The sample size for the research has been selected as 100. The random sampling method is used for the selection of the research participants. In this sampling technique, the research participants are selected on pure random basis (Taylor, Bogdan, and DeVault, 2015). In the research process, both secondary and primary research methods are used. The primary data is collected with the help survey. The primary data refers to the data collection methods in which the novel information is collected for the research. The information collected with these methods is exclusive to the research process (Thyer, 2010). On the other hand, the secondary data refers to the data collection methods in which the data collected for other research is used for the research. These methods collect the data which has previously been collected by other researchers. In the present research, literature review will be used as a secondary data collection method. In this method, the view of the prominent and eminent authors will be collected and presented. It will be assured that the resources are qualitative in nature and reliable. Therefore, the unreliable sources such as Wikipedia and blogs will not be used (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). The information will be collected from peer reviewed journal articles, books and government websites. The researcher will also try to abide by the ethical considerations in the research. It is important to abide by the ethical principles to establish validity and credibility to the research. The research outcomes are used and read by a large number of people in the research community; therefore, it is important to establish trust in the community. The researcher should also focus on protecting the privacy and the confidentiality of the research participants. The personal information of the research participants will be saved in a password protected file. Another academic offense is plagiarism. It is the process of using someone else academic work, and passing it to others without giving credit to the author (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). The author has made sure to give credibility to the writers whose work they have used in the researcher. Proper in-text citation and referencing is used to give credibility to the authors. Outcomes The research is focused on identifying the impact on privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy. The research will identify the correlation between Abu Dhabi economy and the privatization. It will examine both positive and negative impact of privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy. A survey will be conducted to explore the impact of privatization on the Abu Dhabi economy. The survey will examine the positive and the negative impact of the privatization on Abu Dhabi economy. The research participants are selected as the managers and the business executives in the leading business organizations in Abu Dhabi. The research participant criterion is established to assure that the participants are aware of the privatization process and its influence on Abu Dhabi economy. The knowledge obtained from the research will help tin getting a broader perspective regarding the influenced of privatization in the economy. With the help for the literature, the current knowledge regarding the correlation bet ween privatization and the economy has been explored. The literature will establish a background for the research study. Timescale The research will be conducted over a period of three years. The research is a complex process and requires the researcher to undertake various challenging tasks simultaneously. In the initial stage of the research, the research and objectives will be determined. In this stage, the project aim and the research question will be decided. The process will take one month. Later, a literature review will be conducted to explore the current knowledge in the research area. After establishing background to the research study, the researcher will determine the research methods required for the research. The research methodology refers to the various methods and procedures required for the research. It is not a method itself, but provides the outline for the research. The research methodology will be established during the second year of the research (Thyer, 2010). Then after, a pilot study will be conducted to assure that the research is going in the right direction. During the third year, th e primary data will be collected with the help of survey method. During this tenure, the researcher will also analyze the data and conclude the research study. References United Nations Publications. (2001). Analysis of the Role of the Private Sector in ESCWA Member Countries with Egypt and Saudi Arabia as Case Studies. United Nations Publications. Etemad, H., Denicolai, S., Hagen, B., Zucchellla, A. (2016). The Changing Global Economy and its Impact on International Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar Publishing. Schwab, K. (2010, September). The global competitiveness report 2010-2011. Geneva: World Economic Forum. Li, W., Xu, L. C. (2002). The political economy of privatization and competition: cross-country evidence from the telecommunications sector.Journal of Comparative Economics,30(3), 439-462. nis, Z. (2011). Power, Interests and Coalitions: the political economy of mass privatisation in Turkey.Third World Quarterly,32(4), 707-724. Otten, J. M. (2015).The neoliberal katastrofa: privatisation, development and a changing economy in Macedonias Tikve wine region(Doctoral dissertation, University of Kent,). Innes, A. (2017). The political economy of the Conservative Manifesto: a hallucinatory celebration of the state.British Politics and Policy at LSE. Powell, M., Miller, R. (2014). Framing Privatisation in the English National Health Service.Journal of Social Policy,43(3), 575-594. Whitfield, D. (2016). Inquiry into Privatisation in Australia.People. Roland, G. (2008). Privatization: Successes and Failures. Columbia University Press. Beisheim, M., Wezsacker, E., Young, O.R., Finger, M. (2012). Limits to Privatization: How to Avoid Too Much of a Good Thing : a Report to the Club of Rome. Earthscan. Gonzalez, J.J., Kemp, R.L. (2016). Privatization in Practice: Reports on Trends, Cases and Debates in Public Service by Business and Nonprofits. McFarland. Obinger, H., Schmitt, C., Trub, S. (2016). The Political Economy of Privatization in Rich Democracies. Oxford University Press. Bardes, B., Shelley, M., Schmidt, S. (2008). American Government and Politics Today: The Essentials 2009 - 2010 Edition. Cengage Learning. McDonald, D.A., Ruiters, G. (2012). Alternatives to Privatization: Public Options for Essential Services in the Global South. Routledge. Bernard, H. Russell, and Ryan, Gery W. (2010). Analyzing qualitative data: Systematic approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Bui, Y.N. 2013. How to Write a Master's Thesis. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Creswell, J.W. (2013).Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. Creswell, J.W. and Clark, V.L.P. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. London: SAGE. Kaar, M. (2009). Critical Investigation of the Merits and Drawbacks of In-depth Interviews. GRIN Verlag. Kasi, P. (2009). Research: What, Why and How? Bloomington: AuthorHouse. Onwuegbuzie, A.J. and Frels, R. (2016). Seven Steps to a Comprehensive Literature Review: A Multimodal and Cultural Approach. London: SAGE. Saunders, N.K. (2011). Research Methods for Business Students. Pearson Education. Stebbins, R.A. (2001). Exploratory Research in the Social Sciences. Boston: SAGE Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Thyer, B. (2010). The Handbook of Social Work Research Methods. London: SAGE. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017). Strategic management and business policy. Pearson.